Macedonian Ottoman dynasty that ruled Egypt from 1805 to 1952, contributing to significant modernization efforts and later falling under British influence before being overthrown.
Founder of the Turkish Republic and architect of modern Turkey
Prominent Egyptian jurist and legal scholar known for modernizing Islamic law
Iranian statesman and modernizing politician influential in the late 19th century
A period of social and political reform in the Ottoman Empire aimed at modernization and integration of Western European institutions.
White Revolution: Social, economic, and legal reforms by Shah Reza Pahlavi in 1960s-1970s Iran aimed at modernization, significantly impacting urban elites while neglecting rural and traditional sectors and contributing to the Islamic Revolution of 1979.
The Young Turks were a political reform movement in the late Ottoman Empire that opposed Sultan Abdulhamid II's regime, ultimately restoring the constitution in 1908 and influencing modernization efforts until the empire's dissolution in 1918.
A comprehensive view on modernization and development from the Islamic perspective, comparing Western models and Islamic approaches.
Definition and historical context of Muhammad Reza Shah, the last ruling monarch of the Iranian Pahlavi dynasty.
The Neo-Destour Party, founded in 1934, promoted Tunisian independence from France and embraced values of democracy, modernization, development, socialism, and secularism.
The adoption of Western-style economic, legal, social, cultural, and political systems in non-Western countries.
