Islam

GURZ (گرز‎) in Islamic Context
Explore the term 'GURZ,' its meanings, and implications in Islamic practices. Understand how an iron mace is used both in religious symbolism and devotional exercises.
Hadith
Detailed examination of Hadith, its significance, collections, and the science of hadith criticism in Islam.
Ḥadīth - Classification Based on Original Relators
Explore the classification of Ḥadīth with reference to the original relators including Ḥadīth al-Marfūʿ, Ḥadīth al-Mauqūf, and Ḥadīth al-Maqṭūʿ. Understand the significance and differences between these categories in Islamic tradition.
Hadith Qudsi
Sacred tradition or report in Islam, distinct from both the Qur'an and Hadith Nabawi, involving sayings of the Prophet Muhammad where the meaning is revealed by God.
Hagiography
Accounts of lives of saints, prophets, and Companions of the Prophet Muhammad as portrayed in Islamic literature and various media.
Hajar al-Aswad, al-
The black stone set within a silver ring in the eastern corner of the Kaaba in Mecca, venerated in Islam.
Ḥājī (حاجي): Definition, Etymology, and Significance in Islam
Discover the meaning, significance, and etymology of the term 'Ḥājī' in Islamic tradition. Learn about its cultural and spiritual dimensions, as well as its use as an honorific title for those who have completed the Ḥajj pilgrimage.
Ḥāl
A transitory spiritual state of enlightenment or ecstasy in Sufism, viewed as a gift from God distinct from an acquired spiritual stage (maqām).
Halal
A Quranic term denoting what is lawful or permitted according to Islamic law.
Halaqah
A concept referring to a circle of learners gathered typically for Sufi spiritual study or ritual.
Hamadani, Ayn al-Qudat al-
Islamic scholar and mystic known for his contributions to Sufi thought and literature.
Hanif
One who is utterly upright, exemplified by Abraham's pure monotheism, sincerity, and complete submission to God.
Ḥanīf
Explore the term 'Ḥanīf,' a significant concept in Islam that refers to the pure monotheistic faith of Abraham, devoid of idolatry. Understand its scriptural references and theological implications.
Haqiqah
Haqiqah, meaning 'reality,' represents the inward vision of divine power attained through mystical union with God in Sufi thought.
Harakat ul-Ansar / Harakat ul-Mujahidin
A Pakistan-based militant organization active in Indian-administered Kashmir, established originally as Harakat ul-Ansar in 1993, later reorganized as Harakat ul-Mujahidin in 1997.
Ḥarīm, or Hareem (حريم‎)
Explore the concept of Ḥarīm, its historical and cultural significance, and how it shapes the lives of women in various Muslim societies.
ḤAẔAR (حذر‎)
Discover the meaning and significance of the term 'ḤAẔAR' in Islamic context. Learn about its occurrences in the Qur'an and its implications on the concept of fear and vigilance in Islam.
Heaven (Jannah)
The reward in the afterlife for the faithful and righteous, described in the Qur'an as a paradise of infinite bliss and divine companionship.
Heaven (Samāʾ)
Explore the concept of Heaven in Islam, including its etymology, references in the Qur'an, theological interpretations, and cultural significance. Understand the seven stages of heaven as described in Islamic traditions and their comparison with other religious views.
Hejaz
The western coastal province of modern-day Saudi Arabia, significant for its historical, religious, and cultural importance in Islam.
Hell: Definition, Etymology, and Significance in Islam
An in-depth examination of the concept of Hell in Islam, including its types, descriptions in the Qur'an and Hadith, and theological interpretations.
Hidayah
Divinely bestowed guidance meant to guard humans from their natural proclivities to stray from the righteous path.
Ḥijāz
Explore the term 'Ḥijāz,' its historical and geographical significance in Islam. Discover why this region is considered the holy land for Muslims, housing the sacred cities of Makkah and al-Madīnah.
Ḥijr (حجر‎)
Discover the multifaceted term 'Ḥijr (حجر),' its legal, historical, and Quranic implications. Understand its primitive and legal meanings, and its significance in Islamic history and geography.
Hikmah
Hikmah refers to wisdom in the context of both revealed knowledge from the Quran and general sciences. It encompasses philosophical and practical branches of knowledge.
Hizb-i Wahdat
Hizb-i Wahdat is an Afghan Shii Islamist political party created in 1990 representing the Shii Hazara ethnic group. Initially radical, it later emphasized ethnicity and formed alliances during the Afghan civil war.
Horses in Islam - Definition, Etymology, and Significance
Explore the significance and various classifications of horses in Islamic culture and history, as well as their revered status during the Prophet Muhammad's time.
Hukm
In Islamic terms, hukm denotes arbitration, judgment, authority, and God's will, with evolving meanings/
Humanism and Islam
An exploration into how the principles of Humanism align or conflict with traditional Islamic teachings.
Husband (Zauj) - Roles, Rights, and Responsibilities in Islam
Understand the term 'Husband' in Islamic context, focusing on the rights, responsibilities, and religious rulings related to the husband-wife relationship in Islamic law.
Ibadah
Worship; acts of devotion and service in Islam.
Ibn
'Ibn' - A patronymic term meaning 'Son', often used to denote lineage in Islamic naming conventions.
Ibn Abdin, Muhammad Amin ibn Umar
Syrian scholar renowned for contributions to Hanafi jurisprudence, known for his independent and evolving legal interpretations
Ideology and Islam
Islamic ideology encompasses the comprehensive integration of religious belief and practice into all aspects of life, grants new patterns of authority, and responds to modernity by engaging with social and political contexts.
Ifrit
Rebellious and powerful spirit often mentioned in Islamic texts and folklore.
Ihram
The state of ritual purity and specific dress code required to perform the pilgrimage (Hajj and Umrah) in Islam.
Ilham
Term used by Sufis to refer to the transformation of the human soul by the power of universal Spirit and personal revelation received by and for an individual.
Illah
The effective or operative cause behind a law in Islamic jurisprudence
Imam
Leader and role model in both spiritual and secular domains within the Muslim community
Imām (امام‎)
Explore the multifaceted concept of 'Imām' in Islam, including its Qur'anic basis, significance in both Sunni and Shia Islam, and roles in religious and community leadership.
Immaculate Conception - Definition, Etymology, and Significance
Explore the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary, its assertion in Islamic tradition, and its development within the Christian context.
Immodesty in Islam - Definition, Etymology, and Cultural Context
Explore the concept of immodesty in Islam, its implications, and the values of modesty. Learn about how modesty is perceived in Islamic culture and its significance in daily life.
Imposture - Accusations Against Prophet Muhammad by the Quraish
Explore the concept of imposture as it relates to the accusations made by the Quraish against Prophet Muhammad during the early period of his preaching. Understand the Islamic responses from the Qur'an to these charges.
Incarnation
The notion that the divine spirit can enter into a human being, fusing the identity of divine and human—a concept consistently rejected by Muslim thinkers.
Indian Ocean Societies, Islam in
The presence and influence of Islam in various Indian Ocean societies, including their historical and demographic contexts.
Indonesia, Islam in
Examination of Islam in Indonesia, the country with the world's largest Muslim population.
Innovation (Bid'ah)
Modifications in religious belief or practice within Islam and their implications
Insha Allah
A common Islamic phrase meaning 'If God wills,' expressing reliance on God's will and sovereignty over future events.
Intention (Niyyah)
The concept of intention or niyyah in Islamic rituals and practices.
Intercession
Request for assistance from a spiritual intermediary in seeking divine help
Intermediate State in Islam: Definition, Etymology, and Theological Significance
Explore the concept of the Intermediate State ('ʿĀlam-i-Barzak͟h') in Islam, its implications for the soul between death and resurrection, and its portrayal in Islamic theology and Sufi thought.
Iqrar
The transformative experience of mystical union and self-transcendence in Sufism
Ishmael
Ishmael (Ismail) is a significant figure in Islam, recognized as a son of Abraham and Hagar and an important prophet in Islamic tradition.
Ishmael: Eldest Son of Abraham in Islamic and Judeo-Christian Traditions
Explore the significance of Ishmael (Arabic: Ismāʿīl) in Islamic and Judeo-Christian traditions, his role as the progenitor of the Arabian race, and his contribution to the construction of the Ka'bah.
Islām (إسلام)
Explore the term 'Islām,' its deep meaning, etymology, and significance within the Islamic faith. Understand the core duties, beliefs, and the distinctions between related terms like Dīn, Millah, and Maẕhab.
Islam in America
Overview of the history, demographics, and cultural adaptations of Islam and Muslims in America.
Islam in Australia and New Zealand
The history, demographic distribution, and organizational structure of Islamic communities in Australia and New Zealand.
Islam in Brunei
An overview of Islam in Brunei, its historical roots, demographics, and contemporary practices.
Islam in Cambodia
An exploration of the history, demographics, and contemporary practices of the Muslim community in Cambodia.
Islam in Cameroon
An overview of the presence and history of Islam in Cameroon.
Islam in Canada
An overview of the demographics, institutions, and challenges faced by Muslims in Canada.
Islam in Chechnya
Exploration of the historical and contemporary presence of Islam in Chechnya
Islam in Djibouti
Overview of the practice and influence of Islam in Djibouti, including its demographic composition, historical context, and religious traditions.
Islam in Egypt
History and influence of Islam in Egypt with significant movements and figures over the modern period.
Islam in Ethiopia
An exploration of the historical and contemporary presence of Islam in Ethiopia.
Islam in Europe
An overview of the historical and contemporary presence and influence of Islam in Europe.
Islam in Germany
A comprehensive overview of Islam and the Muslim community in Germany.
Islam in Great Britain
The history and demographics of Islam in Great Britain, focusing on migration, community development, and integration.
Islam in India
An overview of the presence and influence of Islam in India, including demographics, traditions, and political activities.
Islam in Iraq
Overview of the state and influence of Islam in Iraq, including historical, demographic, and religious details
Islam in Islamic Context
Understand the nuanced meanings and applications of the terms Dīn, Millah, and Maẕhab within Islamic tradition. Discover how these concepts are used to delineate different aspects of religious practice and law in Islam.
Islam in Jordan
An overview of the history, demographic, cultural, and political influence of Islam in Jordan.
Islam in Kazakhstan
Exploration of the presence and history of Islam in the Central Asian Republic of Kazakhstan.
Islam in Kosovo
A comprehensive overview of Islam's history, influence, and current state in Kosovo
Islam in Kyrgyzstan
An overview of Islam in Kyrgyzstan, including its demographics, history, and current socio-political influences.
Islam in Libya
The presence, history, and dynamics of Islam in Libya
Islam in Malaysia
A comprehensive overview of the history, growth, and influences of Islam in Malaysia, including reformist movements, major institutions, and its social impact.
Islam in Mauritius
The presence and development of Islam in the Indian Ocean island of Mauritius
Islam in Morocco
An examination of the presence and evolution of Islam in Morocco, including historical, cultural, and political perspectives.
Islam in Myanmar
Overview of the Muslim population and Islamic heritage in Myanmar
Islam in Niger
An exploration of the presence and influence of Islam in Niger, its historical development, current practices, and ongoing challenges.
Islam in Pakistan
An exploration of the integration and influence of Islam in Pakistan, its historical development, key figures, and the ongoing debates on the role of Islam in the state.
Islam in Palestine and Israel
Exploration of Islam in the context of Palestine and Israel, focusing on political, social, and religious dimensions.
Islam in Russia
An overview of the history, demographics, and socio-political context of Islam in Russia
Islam in Senegal
A comprehensive overview of the practice and history of Islam in Senegal
Islam in Somalia
Islamic faith practices permeate nearly the entire population of Somalia, with significant historical influences from various Sufi orders and persistent contemporary engagement in global and regional Islamic revivalist movements.
Islam in South Africa
Overview of the history, demographics, and sociopolitical involvement of Islam in South Africa
Islam in South Asia
An overview of the history, cultural impact, and current dynamics of Islam in South Asia, including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka.
Islam in Southeast Asia
The history and development of Islam in Southeast Asia, focusing on its spread, cultural influence, and political role.
Islam in Sudan
An overview of Islam's presence and influence in Sudan, encompassing its historical evolution, cultural integration, and political dynamics.

Dictionary of Islam

IslamReference.com is your go-to source for understanding Islam, its history, theology, culture, and much more. Our goal is to provide reliable and scholarly resources to students, researchers, educators, and anyone with an interest in Islamic studies.