Waz̤īfah (وظيفة) in Islam
Etymology
The term Waz̤īfah (وظيفة) originates from the Arabic root waz̤f (وَصْف), which generally refers to “a daily ration of food.” Over time, this term has taken on various meanings within Islamic culture, encompassing religious, economic, and administrative contexts.
Definitions and Contexts
1. Daily Qur’anic Recitation
In a religious context, Waz̤īfah refers to a daily lesson or portion from the Qur’an that is usually read by devout Muslims. The Qur’an is divided into thirty sections (sipārahs) to facilitate these daily readings, particularly during the month of Ramadan. This practice allows Muslims to complete the entire Qur’an within the month.
2. Pensions and Stipends
Waz̤īfah also denotes a pension or stipend granted to pious individuals. Historically, Islamic states and charitable organizations have allocated regular financial support to scholars, religious personnel, and other devout individuals, thereby sustaining their spiritual and social contributions to the community.
3. Revenue Collection
In an administrative and economic framework, Waz̤īfah can refer to revenue collected at a stipulated rate. This application is less common but still significantly documented in Islamic historical texts concerning governance and fiscal policies.
Arabic and Turkish Translations
- Arabic: وظيفة (Waz̤īfah)
- Turkish: Va’zife
Suggested Books for Further Study
- “Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence” by Mohammad Hashim Kamali - This book provides an in-depth understanding of Islamic legal principles, including the concept of stipends and economic policies.
- “An Introduction to the Sciences of the Qur’aan” by Abu Ammaar Yasir Qadhi - Excellent resource for comprehending Qur’anic recitations and their divisions.
- “Islamic Finance: Law, Economics, and Practice” by Mahmoud A. El-Gamal - Offers insights on the financial aspects of Islamic practices, including stipend and revenue systems.
Takeaways
- Waz̤īfah has multiple meanings that span religious practices, social welfare, and economic administration.
- The term encapsulates the integral daily recitations from the Qur’an that are particularly emphasized during Ramadan.
- It highlights the historical practice of granting financial support to pious individuals within the Islamic community.
- Its less frequent but notable use in revenue collection provides a window into Islamic fiscal policies.
Conclusion
The term Waz̤īfah (وظيفة) embodies the richness of Islamic traditions and practices. It plays a vital role in daily religious observances and extends to socio-economic contributions within an Islamic framework. Understanding its varied applications not only enhances one’s appreciation of Islamic heritage but also provides insight into the historical and contemporary functions of faith in daily life.
