Unity of God (Tawhid)
Definition
Tawhid (Arabic: توحيد, Turkish: Tevhid) refers to the concept of monotheism in Islam, emphasizing the absolute oneness, uniqueness, and indivisibility of God (Allah). It forms the core principle of the Islamic faith and is considered the most fundamental tenet that influences all other aspects of Islam, including theology, worship, and moral conduct.
Etymology
The term Tawhid is derived from the Arabic root word وحد (wḥd), which means “to unite” or “to make one.” The noun Tawhid thus translates to “asserting oneness” or “unification.” In Turkish, it is referred to as Tevhid.
Significance in Islam
Theological Significance
The concept of Tawhid sets the foundation for all Islamic beliefs and practices. It asserts that:
- Allah is One: There is only one God, and He has no partners or equals.
- Allah is Unique: God is unlike anything in creation, with attributes that are incomparable.
- Allah is the Source: All creation originates from and depends upon Allah.
Muslims believe that acknowledging and living by the principle of Tawhid is essential for salvation. This monotheistic belief fundamentally differentiates Islam from polytheistic and trinitarian religions.
Daily Life and Worship
The principle of Tawhid deeply influences various aspects of a Muslim’s daily life:
- Shahada (Testimony of Faith): The declaration of faith, “There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is His messenger,” known as the Shahada, explicitly states the belief in Tawhid.
- Prayer (Salah): Acts of worship such as Salah (prayer) are directed solely to Allah, recognizing His supreme authority and power.
- Ethics and Conduct: Belief in Tawhid mandates a moral and ethical life, adhering to divine commands and refraining from actions that associate partners with God (shirk).
Further Studies
For further exploration of the concept of Tawhid, consider the following books:
- “The Concept of Monotheism in Islam (Tawhid)” by Isma’il R. al-Faruqi
- “Tawhid: Its Implications for Thought and Life” by Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas
- “Islamic Monotheism (Tawhid): A Brief Explanation” by Darussalam Research Center
Key Takeaways
- Tawhid is the foundational Islamic belief in the absolute oneness of God.
- It emphasizes that Allah is unique, singular, and without partners or equals.
- Tawhid influences all aspects of a Muslim’s life, including theological beliefs, worship practices, and ethical conduct.
- Understanding Tawhid is crucial for comprehending the overarching framework of the Islamic faith.
Conclusion
The doctrine of Tawhid is central to Islam and serves as the bedrock upon which the entire religion is built. Recognizing and adhering to this principle has profound implications for both individual believers and the broader Muslim community. By exploring Tawhid, one gains deeper insight into the essence of Islamic theology and the Muslim worldview.
