Ukaidar (اُكَيْدِر)
Definition and Historical Significance
Ukaidar (اُكَيْدِر) was the Christian chief of Dūmah, captured in A.H. 9 (630 CE) by the renowned Muslim military commander Khalid ibn al-Walid. This event is notably referenced in various Islamic historical sources and traditions.
Capture and Subsequent Events
According to Islamic tradition, Khalid ibn al-Walid, acting on the directive of the Prophet Muhammad, took Ukaidar prisoner. It is documented in the “Mishkāt al-Masābīḥ” (Mishkāt, book xvii, ch. ix) that the Prophet Muhammad forbade killing him. Ukaidar was later released after agreeing to pay the jizya (poll-tax), a common requirement for non-Muslims living under Islamic rule at that time.
However, Sir William Muir, in his comprehensive work “Life of Mahomet,” suggests that Ukaidar subsequently accepted Islam. Despite this conversion, he is said to have revolted after the death of the Prophet Muhammad in 632 CE, indicating the complex dynamics during the early Islamic period.
Etymology
The name “Ukaidar” is derived from Arabic, possibly indicative of a diminutive or affectionate form. The name is transliterated as اُكَيْدِر in Arabic script.
Arabic and Turkish Translations
- Arabic: اُكَيْدِر
- Turkish: Ukaydir
References in Islamic Literature
- “Mishkāt al-Masābīḥ” (Mishkāt, book xvii, ch. ix)
- “Life of Mahomet” by Sir William Muir
Further Reading Suggestions
To gain a deeper understanding of Ukaidar and his historical context, consider the following resources:
- “The Life of Muhammad” by Ibn Ishaq: A seminal biographical work that covers many events of early Islam, including interactions with various tribes and leaders.
- “The Life of Mahomet” by Sir William Muir: An in-depth historical analysis of the Prophet Muhammad’s life and the early expansion of Islam.
- “Mishkāt al-Masābīḥ”: A collection of Hadith that includes various traditions about figures like Ukaidar.
Takeaways
- Ukaidar represents a key figure in early Islamic history, reflecting the interactions between Muslims and other religious communities.
- His capture and subsequent release highlight the diplomatic and strategic approaches employed by early Muslim leaders.
- Understanding Ukaidar’s story provides insight into the broader context of Islamic military campaigns and governance.
Conclusion
Ukaidar’s narrative is a significant part of early Islamic history, illustrating the confluence of military strategy, religious tolerance, and political pragmatism. His story underscores the diverse and dynamic nature of the period following the advent of Islam.
By studying figures like Ukaidar, we gain a more nuanced appreciation of the complexities and challenges faced by early Islamic leaders as they expanded their influence and negotiated their place in a diverse world.
This entry provides a comprehensive look at Ukaidar, supported by historical sources, translations, and suggestions for further readings, making it a valuable reference for understanding this historical figure within the broader Islamic tradition.
