UẒḤĪYAH (اضحية‎)

UẒḤĪYAH (اضحية‎)

Definition

Uẓḥīyah (Arabic: اضحية‎) refers to the ritual animal sacrifice performed by Muslims during the Islamic festival of Eid al-Adha, which commemorates the willingness of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) to sacrifice his son as an act of obedience to Allah. This event is observed on the 10th day of Dhu al-Hijjah, the last month of the Islamic lunar calendar.

Etymology

The term “Uḍḥiyah” is derived from the Arabic root word “ḍaħa,” which means “to sacrifice.” The noun form, “Uḍḥiyah,” specifically refers to the act of ritual animal slaughter performed during Eid al-Adha.

• Arabic: اُضْحِيَّة‎ (Uḍḥiyah)
• Turkish: Kurban

Religious Significance

Uḍḥiyah is an important religious practice that stems from the Islamic tradition and honors the memory of Prophet Ibrahim’s faith and obedience to Allah. The act symbolizes devotion, submission, and charitable giving. The meat from the sacrificed animal is traditionally divided into three parts: one-third for oneself, one-third for friends and relatives, and one-third for the needy and poor.

Legal Rulings

According to Islamic law (Sharia), specific guidelines are to be followed for Uḍḥiyah:

1. Eligible Animals: Sheep, goats, cows, and camels are permissible for sacrifice.
2. Age Requirement: The animals must be of a certain age (a sheep must be at least one year old; a goat, cow, or camel should be at least two years, three years, and five years old, respectively).
3. Condition of the Animal: The animal must be free from defects and diseases to be considered suitable for sacrifice.
4. Timing: The sacrifice should be performed after the Eid prayer from the morning of the 10th of Dhu al-Hijjah and can continue until the sunset of the 13th day.

Cultural Practices

The act of Uḍḥiyah is an integral part of Eid al-Adha celebrations. The preparation for this ritual includes:

1. Selection of Animal: Muslims often spend days or even weeks carefully selecting a healthy and suitable animal.
2. Sacrifice Ceremony: The sacrifice is often carried out in designated areas under hygienic conditions to manage health and safety concerns.
3. Distribution of Meat: The distribution process is a communal affair, ensuring that everyone partakes in the blessings of Eid.

Further Readings

For those interested in exploring the concept of Uḍḥiyah further, here are some recommended books:

1. “The Fiqh of Worship: Essentials of Islam” by Aisha Utz.
2. “Understanding Islam: The First Ten Steps” by Chris Hewer.
3. “Islamic Law: Theory and Practice” by Mashood A. Baderin.

Takeaways

• Spiritual Significance: Uḍḥiyah encapsulates the values of faith, obedience, and charity.
• Global Practice: While inherent to Islamic teachings, Uḍḥiyah is observed by Muslims worldwide, reflecting the unity and diversity of the Ummah (Muslim community).

Conclusion

Uḍḥiyah (اضحية‎) is a profound ritual that illustrates the deep spiritual connections within Islam. By commemorating Prophet Ibrahim’s willingness to sacrifice, Muslims reaffirm their devotion to Allah and strengthen their ties to community and charity.

This comprehensive understanding of Uḍḥiyah enhances one’s appreciation for its religious, cultural, and ethical dimensions in the life of Muslims.