Tables of the Law (Alwāḥ): Definition, Etymology, and Significance in Islam
Definition and Qur’anic Reference
Tables of the Law (Arabic: Alwāḥ, ألواح), the plural form of Lauḥ (لوح), refers to the tablets upon which the Law was inscribed and given to the Prophet Moses (Musa). This concept appears in the Qur’an, specifically in Surah Al-A’raf (7:145):
<p>“We wrote for him (Moses) upon tables (alwāḥ) a monition concerning every matter.”</p>
Etymology and Linguistic Roots
The Arabic term Alwāḥ (ألواح) is derived from the root word L-W-H (ل و ح), which can mean “table,” “board,” or “tablet.” The word has equivalents in other Semitic languages and holds similar meanings across these languages.
Scholarly Interpretations and Disagreement
Muslim scholars and commentators have delved into the details of these tables. Notably, Al-Jalālān, a pair of famous Qur’anic commentators, assert that there is some ambiguity regarding the number of these tables. Various scholars posit different numbers, stating they could either be seven or ten.
Suggested Books for Further Studies
- “The Qur’an and its Interpreters” by Mahmoud M. Ayoub: This book explores various interpretations of Qur’anic verses by classical and modern scholars.
- “The Shadow of the Cross: A Study of the Relationship between Muslims and Christians” by Norman O. Brown: This book provides insight into the shared narratives between Islam and Christianity, including figures such as Moses.
- “Tafsir al-Jalalayn”: This is a renowned commentary on the Qur’an authored by Jalaluddin al-Mahalli and Jalaluddin al-Suyuti, which elucidates various aspects discussed in the holy text, including the Tables of the Law.
Takeaways
- The Tables of the Law or Alwāḥ are an important aspect of Islamic tradition, symbolizing divine revelation given to Moses.
- The exact number of these tables is a matter of scholarly debate, with numbers ranging from seven to ten.
- The significance and interpretation of these tables are central to understanding Islamic views on divine law and revelation.
Conclusion
The concept of the Tables of the Law (Alwāḥ) encapsulates important themes of revelation and divine guidance within Islamic theology. While there is some debate about the specifics, the acknowledgment of these tables unites the narratives of Islam with those of previous Abrahamic faiths, underscoring shared heritage and values.
By exploring the definition, linguistic roots, and scholarly perspectives on Alwāḥ, one gains a richer understanding of its critical role in Islamic thought and textual tradition.
