Tabatabai, Muhammad Husayn

Tabatabai, Muhammad Husayn

Introduction

Tabatabai, Muhammad Husayn (d. 1981), also known as Allamah Tabatabai, was a distinguished Quranic commentator, traditional Persian philosopher of the twentieth century, prolific author, and esteemed teacher. His contribution to Islamic philosophy has been profound, especially given the opposition he faced from many ulama. He is celebrated for his significant works such as The Quran in Islam and Shii Islam. Posthumously, his influence endures with a university in Iran named in his honor.

Etymology and Translations

• Arabic: محمد حسين الطبطبائي
• Turkish: Muhammed Hüseyin Tabatabai

Career Highlights and Contributions

Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai was an intellectual giant whose scholarly endeavors spanned several facets of Islamic studies, including Quranic exegesis (tafsir), theology, philosophy, and mysticism. He was instrumental in reviving Islamic philosophy in the twentieth century:

• Quranic Commentary: His magnum opus, Tafsir al-Mizan, is a comprehensive Quranic commentary that integrates traditional views with contemporary intellectual discourse.
• Philosophy: With the revival of Islamic philosophy, he challenged and broadened conventional perspectives despite opposition from more conservative religious scholars.
• Teaching: As a revered teacher, he mentored many students who became significant scholars in their own right. His pedagogical efforts helped bridge traditional and modern Islamic thought.

Major Works

1. The Quran in Islam: This book underscores the centrality of the Quran in Muslim religious life, addressing both its recitational and existential dimensions.
2. Shii Islam: A thorough exposition of the doctrines, rituals, and theology underpinning Shia Islam, offering crucial insights to both Muslims and non-Muslims.

Legacy

Posthumously, Tabatabai’s intellectual legacy continues to thrive:

• Educational Impact: A university in Iran, Allameh Tabataba’i University, stands as a testament to his contributions to Islamic scholarship.
• Ongoing Scholarly Influence: His works remain widely read and influential, embodying a harmonious blend of traditional knowledge and contemporary thought.

Suggested Books for Further Study

• The Quran in Islam by Muhammad Husayn Tabataba’i
• Shii Islam by Muhammad Husayn Tabataba’i
• Shi’ite Islam translated and annotated by Seyyed Hossein Nasr
• Tafsir al-Mizan translated by Sayyed Saeed Akhtar Rizvi (multivolume)

Conclusion

Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai’s enduring influence as a scholar and philosopher underscores the significant role intellect and dedication play in the development of Islamic thought. His contributions transcend his lifetime, offering insights and knowledge that continue to shape contemporary Islamic scholarship.

Takeaways

• Tabatabai, Muhammad Husayn is a key figure in the revival of Islamic philosophy.
• His seminal works, Tafsir al-Mizan, The Quran in Islam, and Shii Islam, remain influential.
• The naming of Allameh Tabataba’i University honors his contributions to Islamic scholarship and his enduring legacy in education and intellectual thought.