Taʿwīẓ (تعويذ)
Definition
Taʿwīẓ (تعويذ) literally means “to flee for refuge.” In the Islamic context, a Taʿwīẓ is an amulet or charm encased in gold or silver, usually inscribed with verses from the Qurʾān or Hadith. These amulets are worn on the breast, arm, neck, or waist as a form of spiritual protection.
Etymology
The term Taʿwīẓ comes from the Arabic root ‘ʿ-dh (ع-و-ذ), which conveys the idea of seeking protection or refuge. The corresponding Turkish term is also Taʿwīẓ.
Usage
Cultural and Religious Significance
In many Muslim cultures, wearing a Taʿwīẓ is believed to offer protection against evil eye, harm, and misfortune. The inscriptions, often comprising specific Qur’anic verses or sayings from Hadiths, are thought to invoke divine protection.
Construction and Wearing
- Materials: Typically made of precious metals such as gold or silver to enclose the sacred texts.
- Content: Verses from the Qur’ān, particularly those believed to provide protection, such as Ayat al-Kursi (Qur’an 2:255), or specific Hadiths.
- Placement: Worn around the neck, arm, or waist. It serves both a spiritual and personal protective function.
Further Studies and Recommended Readings
- “Amulets and Talismans of the Middle East” by Aysan Seyfullah: This book gives an extensive overview of the types and uses of amulets and talismans in the Islamic world.
- “The Ritual of Islamic Spirituality” by Ahmad Rufai: Offering insights into various Islamic spiritual practices and the use of items like Taʿwīẓ for protection.
- “Islamic Amulets” by Richard MacGregor: Discusses the historical background and religious significance of amulets in Islamic cultures.
Takeaways
- Taʿwīẓ serves as both a cultural and religious artifact within Islam.
- Its primary purpose is personal protection, given the belief in its divine efficacy.
- Constructed with reverence, using sacred text and precious materials, reflecting respect for the spiritual significance.
Conclusion
Taʿwīẓ plays an important role in Islamic spirituality and daily life, providing believers with a tangible connection to their faith’s protective traditions. Whether worn for divine protection or as a cultural practice, Taʿwīẓ reflects the deep-rooted belief in the power of sacred texts within Islam.
