Sufism in America

Sufism in America

Sufism in America refers to the practice and dissemination of Sufi orders and their teachings within the context of the United States and Canada. Various Sufi orders, such as the Mawlawi, Nimatullahi, Khalwati-Jarrahi, Naqshbandi, Shadhili, and Qadiri, are present in North America today.

Etymology

• Arabic: تصوف في أمريكا (Tasawwuf fi Amrika)
• Turkish: Amerika’da Tasavvuf

Historical Context

The initial presence of Sufism in America dates back to the early 20th century with the migration of some Albanian Muslims to North America. Additionally, prominent South Asian Sufis like Hazrat Inayat Khan and Bawa Muhyiddin played significant roles in propagating Sufi teachings. They were subsequently followed by Sufi masters from Turkey, Iran, and several Arab countries, further solidifying the foundation of Sufi practice in America.

Prominent Sufi Orders in America

• Mawlawi (Mevlevi Order): Popularly known as the whirling dervishes, this order was founded by the Persian Sufi poet and mystic Jalal al-Din Rumi. The Mawlawi order is renowned for its spiritual concerts known as sama, which include the famous whirling dance.

• Nimatullahi Order: A Persian Sufi order known for its rich traditions and emphasis on personal mystical experience.

• Khalwati-Jarrahi Order: Originating from Turkey, this Sufi order focuses on spiritual gatherings and collective remembrance (dhikr).

• Naqshbandi Order: Originating from Central Asia, this order emphasizes silent remembrance and is widely followed for its strict adherence to Islamic law.

• Shadhili Order: This Sufi order has North African roots and is noted for its outward simplicity and inner richness.

• Qadiri Order: One of the oldest Sufi orders, founded by Abdul Qadir Jilani in Baghdad, with a focus on charity and public service.

Cultural and Social Impact

In addition to the numerous Sufi centers thriving throughout the country, Sufism has established a significant subculture in America. This subculture involves elements such as:

• Music: Sufi music often involves devotional songs which have gained popularity transcending religious boundaries.

• Poetry: Works of famous Sufi poets like Rumi and Hafiz have attracted a wide readership among Americans.

• Healing Methods: Many Sufi orders practice traditional healing methods which are integrated into contemporary wellness programs.

Suggested Books for Further Studies

• The Essential Rumi by Coleman Barks
• Principles of Sufism by Nahid Angha
• The Sufi Path of Love: The Spiritual Teachings of Rumi by William Chittick
• The Garden of Truth: The Vision and Promise of Sufism, Islam’s Mystical Tradition by Seyyed Hossein Nasr

Takeaways and Conclusion

• Diverse Representation: Sufi orders in America represent a broad spectrum of the Sufi tradition, hailing from various regions including South Asia, Turkey, Iran, and the Arab world.
• Cultural Integration: Sufism has integrated into American culture, influencing the arts, spirituality, and aspects of wellness.
• Continued Growth: The practice of Sufism continues to grow, attracting both Muslims and non-Muslims interested in mysticism and holistic spirituality.

In conclusion, Sufism in America illustrates the adaptability and enduring allure of Sufi practices, transcending cultural and geographic boundaries to provide enriching spiritual experiences and diverse cultural contributions.

By exploring the rich history and contemporary presence of Sufi traditions in North America, one can appreciate the depth and breadth of Islamic spirituality.