Saudah (سودة)
Saudah bint Zam’ah (سودة بنت زمعة) was one of the early wives of Prophet Muhammad. She became the widow of Sakrān ibn Amr, a Quraish and one of the early companions of the Prophet, only to be married later by Prophet Muhammad. This entry delves into her life, significance, and contributions to the early Islamic community.
Etymology
The name “Saudah” (سودة) means “dark-skinned” or “black” in Arabic. It is derived from the Arabic word “sūd”, which refers to the color black.
Arabic Translation
- Arabic: سودة بنت زمعة
- Transliteration: Saudah bint Zam’ah
Turkish Translation
- Turkish: Sevde binti Zem’a
Historical Context
Early Life
Saudah was originally married to Sakrān ibn Amr, who, alongside her, embraced Islam during its early years in Mecca. They both participated in the migration to Abyssinia to escape persecution. After the death of her first husband, Saudah returned to Mecca, where her status as a widow made life uncertain and difficult.
Marriage to Prophet Muhammad
Following the death of Prophet Muhammad’s first wife, Khadijah, Saudah became the Prophet’s second wife, marrying him within two months. Their marriage provided both companionship and practical benefits, particularly since Saudah had no close male relatives to protect her.
Contributions and Role
- Motherly presence: Although the marriage was not romantic in the traditional sense, Saudah provided a motherly presence in the Prophet’s household.
- Early Muslim Community: She played a significant role in the early Muslim community, offering support to other early Muslims emigrating to Medina.
- Charitable Actions: Known for her charitable nature, Saudah frequently gave away her income to the poor even during her later years.
Death
Saudah bint Zam’ah died in the year 674 CE (A.H. 55). Her life and legacy continue to be a part of Islamic history and are often discussed in Islamic literature.
Suggested Books for Further Studies
- “The Women of Madina” by Aisha Bewley
- “In the Footsteps of the Prophet: Lessons from the Life of Muhammad” by Tariq Ramadan
- “Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate” by Leila Ahmed
Takeaways and Conclusion
Saudah bint Zam’ah was more than just a wife of Prophet Muhammad; she was an integral part of the early Muslim community. Her marriage to the Prophet fulfilled social and community needs, emphasizing the humane aspects of the Prophet’s marital alliances. Through her charitable works and unwavering support, Saudah continues to serve as a notable example of devotion and compassion in Islamic history.
Understanding figures like Saudah helps in gaining a fuller picture of early Islamic society and the roles women played outside the commonly reiterated narratives. Her life and contributions are essential for a balanced understanding of the formative years of Islam.
This entry sheds light on the vibrant historical tapestry surrounding Saudah bint Zam’ah, highlighting her as an individual of significance within Islamic heritage.
