Qissīs (قسيس) in Islam
Definition
Qissīs (قسيس) - The term “Qissīs” refers to a Christian presbyter or priest. Its key significance is highlighted in the Islamic tradition, particularly within the context of interfaith relations, as illustrated in the Qur’ān.
Etymology
- Arabic: Qissīs (قسيس)
- Persian: Kashīsh (کشیش)
Qur’ānic Reference and Interpretation
The term “Qissīs” occurs once in the Qur’ān, Sūrah Al-Mā’idah (5:85), which is often interpreted to denote Christian clergy. The verse states:
<p>“Thou shalt certainly find those to be nearest in affection to them who say, ‘We are Christians.’ This because some of them are priests (qissīsūn) and monks (ruhbān), and because they are free from pride.”</p>
In this verse, the term “Qissīs” underscores a positive relationship between Christians and Muslims, emphasizing shared values such as humility and piety, and acknowledging the affection and respect that can develop from such shared spiritual virtues.
Implications in Islamic Context
Interfaith Relations:
- Mutual Respect: The Qur’ānic reference to “Qissīs” highlights the Islamic endorsement of mutual respect and understanding between Muslims and Christians. This is pivotal for fostering peace and coexistence.
- Recognition of Shared Values: The mention of Christian clergy alongside monks and their free-from-pride nature serves to promote the idea that Islam acknowledges and respects the virtues found in other faiths.
Historical Context:
- Medieval Islamic World: During various periods of Islamic history, Christian clergy and Islamic scholars often engaged in theological dialogue, contributing to a rich tradition of interfaith scholarship and coexistence.
- Contemporary Interfaith Dialogue: The Qur’ānic encouragement towards kindness and respect for Christian leaders continues to inspire modern interfaith initiatives aimed at creating dialogue and understanding in a globalized world.
Suggested Books for Further Studies
For those interested in exploring the relationships between Muslims and Christians, as well as the historical and theological aspects of “Qissīs,” consider these resources:
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“Christian-Muslim Relations: A Bibliographical History” by David Thomas and Alex Mallett
- This book provides a comprehensive bibliographical history of Christian-Muslim relations from the earliest days of Islam to the 16th century.
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“A History of Christian-Muslim Relations” by Hugh Goddard
- This book offers a detailed exploration of the history of interactions between Christians and Muslims, from the lifetime of Muhammad to the present day.
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“Muslim-Christian Polemics across the Mediterranean” edited by Diego R. Sarrió Cucarella
- This volume considers the historical and intellectual contexts of Muslim-Christian engagements around the Mediterranean region.
Takeaways and Conclusion
The term Qissīs (قسيس) embodies a significant aspect of Islamic teachings pertaining to interfaith respect and dialogue. Its placement in the Qur’ān emphasizes that religious respect, humility, and the sharing of common virtues are valued in Islam. This serves as a foundation for fostering peaceful and respectful relationships between Muslims and Christians, encouraging a collaborative spirit based on mutual recognition and shared values.
By understanding and reflecting upon the concept of “Qissīs,” both Muslims and non-Muslims can appreciate the Qur’ānic encouragements towards interfaith harmony, leading to more inclusive and empathetic global communities.
