Potiphar in Islamic Tradition
Etymology
Potiphar: Known in Arabic as Qit̤fīr (قطفير) or It̤fīr (اطفير). The name Potiphar finds its roots in the Hebrew name פּוֹטִיפַר (Potifar), derived from the Egyptian name P(d)i-p-r (“he whom Re has given”).
Arabic and Turkish Translations
- Arabic: Qit̤fīr (قطفير), It̤fīr (اطفير)
- Turkish: Potifar
Overview
Potiphar, referred to as Qit̤fīr or Iṭfīr in Islamic tradition, is a significant figure in the Quranic narrative of Prophet Joseph (Yusuf). He is depicted as the treasurer of Egypt, a position of substantial responsibility and influence. Potiphar’s wife Zulaikha plays a pivotal role in Joseph’s story, which is rich in themes of faith, morality, and divine justice.
Role in Islamic Tradition
In the Islamic tradition, particularly within the Quranic exegesis, Potiphar is seen as a figure of authority who purchases Joseph and brings him into his household. His wife, Zulaikha, becomes infatuated with Joseph, which leads to a series of events culminating in Joseph’s imprisonment.
- Quranic Reference: The story of Potiphar and his wife primarily unfolds in Surah Yusuf (Chapter 12), where Joseph’s steadfastness and piety are highlighted against the backdrop of Zulaikha’s advances and Potiphar’s subsequent actions.
- Ethical and Theological Insights: This narrative conveys lessons on patience, chastity, divine providence, and the triumph of righteousness.
Books for Further Studies
- “Tafsir Ibn Kathir” by Ismail ibn Kathir: A comprehensive exegesis that provides insights into the Quranic story of Joseph, including the roles of Potiphar and Zulaikha.
- “Stories of the Prophets” by Ibn Kathir: A detailed account of the lives and morals of various prophets, including an elaborate narrative on Joseph’s time in Egypt.
- “Qur’an and Woman” by Amina Wadud: Although primarily a gender-focused exegesis, it provides perspectives on female characters like Zulaikha in the Quran.
Takeaways and Conclusion
Potiphar (Qit̤fīr or It̤fīr) serves as an essential character in the Islamic narrative surrounding Prophet Joseph. His role as the treasurer and his dynamic with Zulaikha and Joseph offer profound ethical and spiritual lessons within the Islamic tradition. The story accentuates themes of moral fortitude, divine justice, and the ultimate vindication of the righteous.
In conclusion, the figure of Potiphar, along with the broader narrative of Joseph in the Quran, acts as a timeless lesson on the importance of faith, integrity, and the belief in divine wisdom and justice.
By understanding the character of Potiphar and his place in Islamic tradition, one gains a deeper appreciation of the rich tapestry of narratives that shape Islamic ethics and spirituality.
