Mulḥaq (ملحق)
Definition
Mulḥaq (ملحق) is a term used predominantly within the esoteric tradition of Sufism to describe the spiritual state where the human soul is “absorbed into the essence of God.” This condition is seen as an advanced stage in the mystical journey towards divine union.
Etymology
The Arabic word Mulḥaq (ملحق) is derived from the root ل–ح–ق (l-ḥ-q), which means “to join” or “to attach.” The term literally translates as “joined” or “annexed.” In Turkish, it is also referred to as Mulḥaq and carries a similar meaning.
Significance in Sufism
In Sufism, the concept of Mulḥaq is essential for understanding the process of spiritual elevation and the eventual dissolution of the individual ego into divine consciousness. Practitioners strive for this state through various ascetic practices, meditative exercises, and ethical refinement. According to the dictionary of Ṣūfī terms by ʿAbdu ʾr-Razzāq, Mulḥaq denotes the attainment of spiritual oneness, implying a complete and profound connection with the Divine.
Further Studies
For those interested in delving deeper into the concept of Mulḥaq and related Sufi terminologies, the following books are highly recommended:
- “Ṣūfī Terminology (al-Qaṣd al-Mujarrad): The Mystical Language of Islam” by Ibrahim Gamard and Sat-Allah-`Abd al-Razzaq.
- “The Essential Rumi” by Jalal al-Din Rumi, translated by Coleman Barks.
- “The Mystics of Islam” by Reynold A. Nicholson.
- “Sufism: An Introduction to the Mystical Tradition of Islam” by Carl W. Ernst.
Takeaways
- Mulḥaq is a crucial term in Sufism, representing the absorption of the human soul into the essence of God.
- The term derives from the Arabic root ل–ح–ق (l-ḥ-q), meaning “to join” or “to attach.”
- Achieving Mulḥaq involves intense spiritual practices aimed at uniting the individual soul with the Divine.
- For a comprehensive understanding, readers are advised to consult key texts on Sufi mysticism and theology.
Conclusion
Understanding the term Mulḥaq offers deep insights into the spiritual goals of Sufism and the intricate paths followed by mystics to achieve divine union. This state is not just a theological concept but a lived experience for many Sufi practitioners, forming the bedrock of their spiritual journey.
