Kneeling in Islam: Definition, Etymology, and Significance
Definition
Kneeling in Islam, referred to as jalsah or julus, consists of placing the two knees on the ground and sitting on the feet behind. Contrary to the Christian form of kneeling as an attitude of worship, this posture in Islam is not used as a common mode of devotion during prayer (Salah) but rather during specific moments within the prayer sequence.
Etymology and Translations
- Arabic: (جاثٍ), transcription: jās̤ī
- Turkish: (diz çökme)
Qur’anic Reference
The term jās̤ī appears in the Qur’an, specifically in Surah 45:27:
<p>“And thou shalt see each nation kneeling (جَاثِيَةً, <em>jās̤iyatan</em>), each nation summoned to the book.” This depiction is one of submission and fear rather than a form of worship. It suggests an attitude of solemn anticipation or humility before divine judgment.</p>
Differences from Christian Kneeling
In Christianity, kneeling often denotes supplication, humility in prayer, and deep devotion. However, in Islam, the comparable action would be Sujood (prostration), where the forehead touches the ground in complete submission to Allah. The act of jās̤ī is less about worship and more about a state of anticipation or fear.
Related Concepts in Islamic Worship
- Sujood (Prostration) Prostration is the act of lowering the forehead to the ground and is a critical component of Islamic prayer, symbolizing the ultimate act of submission to God.
- Ruku’ (Bowing) Ruku’ involves bowing with the hands on the knees and back parallel to the ground, representing humility and reverence.
Cultural and Theological Significance
Kneeling or sitting on the feet appears in various moments within the prayer, such as during the Tashahhud (testification of faith) within the Salah. It signifies a moment of reflection and supplication rather than a distinct attitude of worship.
Books for Further Study
- “Worship in Islam: An In-Depth Study” by Ameen Banani
- “Understanding Islamic Worship” by Yusuf al-Qaradawi
- “Islam: Faith and Practice” by William C. Chittick
Takeaways and Conclusion
Kneeling in Islam is culturally and theologically distinct from kneeling in Christianity. While jās̤ī signifies an attitude of fear and anticipation, the common prayer postures in Islam such as Sujood and Ruku’ more accurately reflect acts of worship and devotion. Recognizing and understanding these differences broadens our comprehension of Islamic ritual practices.
Complete understanding of Islamic practices requires appreciating the specific contexts and scriptural references that shape them.
Understanding nuanced practices like kneeling helps build a more profound appreciation of Islamic worship and its rich metaphysical layers. By exploring such details, we contribute to a greater interfaith and cultural understanding.
