Kitābīyah (كتابية)
Definition
Kitābīyah (كتابية) refers to a female individual from the Ahlu ʾl-Kitāb (أهل الكتاب), a term used in Islam to describe “People of the Book” — those who possess an inspired scripture, specifically Jews and Christians.
Etymology
The term “Kitābīyah” is derived from the Arabic word “Kitāb” (كتاب), meaning “book.” The word “Kitābī” (كتابي) generally refers to someone associated with a book, and “Kitābīyah” is its feminine form.
- Arabic: كتابية
- Turkish: Kitabî
Context and Usage
Islamic Theological Context
In Islamic theology, Ahlu ʾl-Kitāb are granted a unique status because they follow earlier revelations that are considered divine, specifically the Torah (Tawrat) and the Gospel (Injil). The term Kitābīyah thus identifies a female adherent of either Judaism or Christianity.
Legal and Social Implications
Muslim men are explicitly permitted to marry Kitābīyah women, as emphasized in the Qur’an:
<p>“Lawful for you in marriage are those who are chaste among the believing women and chaste women from among those who were given the Scripture before your time…” <em>(Qur’an, 5:5)</em></p>
This pluralistic approach underscores mutual respect and acknowledges the legitimacy of the scriptures of Jews and Christians, thus fostering interfaith harmony.
Significance in Islamic History and Relations
Historically, the designation of Jews and Christians as Ahlu ʾl-Kitāb facilitated positive Muslim interactions with these communities. It recognized shared monotheistic roots and promoted tolerance and coexistence.
Recommended Reading
- “The Covenants of the Prophet Muhammad with the Christians of the World” by John Andrew Morrow
- “Muslim-Christian Relations: Past, Present, Future” by Hugh Goddard
- “Islam and the People of the Book, Volumes 1-3” by John B. Muller
Takeaways
- “Kitābīyah” underscores a deep respect for female adherents of Judaism and Christianity within the Islamic tradition.
- Marriage provisions illustrate the practical applicability of this interfaith respect and toleration.
- The term embodies Islamic recognition of the shared Abrahamic heritage with Jews and Christians.
Conclusion
Understanding Kitābīyah enriches our comprehension of Islamic interfaith dynamics and recognizes the significant position “People of the Book” hold within Islam. This term represents a bridge promoting harmony and respect among these historically interconnected faith communities.
