Kabīrah (كبيرة)
Definition and Significance
Kabīrah (Arabic: كبيرة, Turkish: Kebire) refers to a major sin in Islamic theology. Derived from the feminine form of the Arabic adjective kabīr, which means “great” or “significant,” Kabīrah is used extensively in theological texts to denote a grave sin (Gunāh-i-Kabīrah). These sins are explicitly forbidden by Islamic law (Shariah) and warrant severe punishment.
Etymology
- Arabic: كبيرة (Kabīrah)
- Turkish: Kebire
The word Kabīrah is the feminine form of kabīr (كبير), meaning “great.”
Theological Context
In Islam, sins are categorized into two main types: Kabā’ir (major sins) and Sagha’ir (minor sins). Kabā’ir constitute actions that are explicitly prohibited in the Qur’an or Hadith and entail severe Divine punishment either in this world or the hereafter. Examples of Kabā’ir include polytheism (shirk), murder, theft, adultery, and bearing false witness.
Verses from the Qur’an
Several Qur’anic verses and Hadiths underline the gravity of Kabā’ir. For instance:
<p>“If you avoid the major sins which you are forbidden, We will remove from you your lesser sins and admit you to a noble entrance [into Paradise].” - Surah An-Nisa, 4:31</p>
Legal Implications
According to Islamic jurisprudence, distinguishing between major and minor sins is crucial for legal determinations. Penalties prescribed for Kabā’ir are usually more severe, and in many Islamic societies, specific judicial procedures govern their adjudication.
Books for Further Studies
- “Major Sins in Islam” by Imam Adh-Dhahabi
- “Al-Kabair: The Major Sins” by Imam Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Wahaab
- “The Reliance of the Traveller” by Ahmad ibn Naqib al-Misri (translated by Nuh Ha Mim Keller)
Takeaways
- Kabīrah refers to major sins in Islam, carrying severe consequences.
- Categorizing sins into major and minor helps in understanding Islamic ethical guidelines and legal rulings.
- Delving into the resources mentioned can provide a more nuanced understanding of Kabā’ir.
Conclusion
Understanding the concept of Kabīrah is paramount for comprehending Islamic teachings on morality and ethics. Knowledge of what constitutes major sins influences how Muslims live their daily lives and strive towards spiritual purity and Divine approval.
