K͟HULT̤ĪN (خلطين)
Definition
K͟HULT̤ĪN (خلطين) refers to an infusion made from boiling dates and raisins together until they ferment and become spirituous. According to Islamic jurisprudence, Muslims can consume K͟HULT̤ĪN without facing moral or religious impropriety, despite it becoming mildly intoxicating.
Etymology
The term K͟HULT̤ĪN (خلطين) derives from the Arabic root word “K͟HALAT”, which means “to mix” or “to blend.” The suffix “ĪN” is often used to denote a plural or dual form, emphasizing that this mixture involves more than one component, in this case, dates (تمر) and raisins (زبيب).
Historical Background
The permissibility of consuming K͟HULT̤ĪN is rooted in a narrative concerning Ibn Ziyād. A story recounted by Ibn Ziyād himself describes an incident where he got intoxicated from drinking a sherbet offered by ʿAbdu ʾllāh, the son of ʿUmar. Upon confronting ʿAbdu ʾllāh, he learned that the sherbet was a drink composed of dates and raisins, indicating that it had undergone the boiling process. This narrative is corroborated by ʿUmar, who mentioned that it is unlawful to consume the mixture in its uncooked state but permissible once boiled and fermented.
The primary source of this related story can be found in Hidāyah (vol. iv. p. 161), a classical Hanafi jurisprudence manual.
Islamic Jurisprudence on Intoxicants
Islamic law generally prohibits the consumption of intoxicants, rooted in the Quranic verses and Hadiths that emphasize avoiding substances that could impair judgment or lead to sinful behavior. The exception for K͟HULT̤ĪN is notable because, although it becomes fermentative and mildly intoxicating, it is not considered “khamr” (خمر), the Arabic term for alcohol/wine that is explicitly prohibited. Thus, consuming K͟HULT̤ĪN, in moderation, is seen as permissible.
Cultural Significance
K͟HULT̤ĪN embodies a deep-rooted tradition within certain Islamic cultures, especially in regions where dates and raisins are staple fruits. Apart from its legality, K͟HULT̤ĪN also holds cultural importance due to its historical use and references in Islamic jurisprudence, offering a glimpse into past dietary customs.
Recommended Books for Further Reading
- “The Hidayah: A Commentary on the Islamic Laws” by Burhan al-Din al-Marghinani – This classical text provides detailed discussions on Islamic laws, including the narrative on K͟HULT̤ĪN.
- “The Lawful and the Prohibited in Islam” by Yusuf al-Qaradawi – A modern reference covering dietary laws within the context of Islamic jurisprudence.
- “Studies in Islamic Law: A Hybrid of Legal Traditions” by Wael B. Hallaq – Explores the diverse interpretations and applications of Islamic law historically and today.
Key Takeaways
- K͟HULT̤ĪN is an infusion of dates and raisins that undergoes fermentation.
- Despite its mildly intoxicating nature, K͟HULT̤ĪN is permissible in Islam once boiled.
- The permissibility is supported by narratives in early Islamic jurisprudence.
- Key sources of this information include classic texts and the story related by Ibn Ziyād.
- Understanding K͟HULT̤ĪN provides insights into Islamic dietary customs and legal intricacies.
Conclusion
K͟HULT̤ĪN showcases the nuanced approach of Islamic jurisprudence towards dietary laws, balancing strict prohibitions with allowances rooted in historical and cultural contexts. By studying such specific examples, one gains a broader understanding of the depth and adaptability of Islamic legal thought and cultural practices.
