K͟HĀLIDŪN (خالدون)
Definition
K͟HĀLIDŪN (خالدون) is the plural form of the Arabic term k͟hālid (خالد), which translates to “everlasting” or “eternal.” This term is primarily used in the Qur’anic context to denote the perpetual nature of the joys in paradise and the torments in hell.
Etymology
The term k͟hālid (خالد) is derived from the Arabic root word خ-ل-د (khalada), which means “to remain” or “to last forever.” The addition of the plural suffix “ūn” (ون) forms k͟hālidūn (خالدون), amplifying its meaning to encompass a collective sense of eternity.
Arabic Translation: خالدون Turkish Translation: Ebedîler
Usage in the Qur’an
The concept of k͟hālidūn (خالدون) is found numerous times throughout the Qur’an, emphasizing the permanent states of bliss for the righteous and suffering for the wicked. The term appears approximately 50 times in the Qur’an, highlighting the significance of eternal consequences in Islamic eschatology.
Examples in the Qur’an:
- Surah Al-Baqarah (2:25): “And give good tidings to those who believe and do righteous deeds that they will have gardens [in Paradise] beneath which rivers flow. Whenever they are provided with a provision of fruit therefrom, they will say, ‘This is what we were provided with before.’ And it is given to them in likeness. And they will have therein purified spouses, and they will abide therein eternally (خالدون).”
- Surah An-Nisa (4:56): “Indeed, those who disbelieve in Our verses - We will drive them into a Fire. Every time their skins are roasted through We will replace them with other skins so they may taste the punishment. Indeed, Allah is ever Exalted in Might and Wise. But those who believe and do righteous deeds - We will admit them to gardens with rivers flowing beneath, wherein they abide forever (خالدون).”
Significance in Islamic Theology
The use of k͟hālidūn underscores the eternal nature of the afterlife in Islamic belief. It serves as a reminder of the infinite reward for those who live righteously and the endless punishment for those who engage in sinful behavior. This eternal perspective is essential in shaping the moral and ethical conduct of Muslims, reinforcing accountability and encouraging a life aligned with divine guidance.
Recommended Books for Further Study
- “The Study Quran: A New Translation and Commentary” by Seyyed Hossein Nasr
- “Eschatology and the Quran: Rethinking the End (Routledge Studies in the Qur’an)” by Mohammad Hassan Khalil
- “Heaven and Hell in Islamic Traditions” by Jane Idleman Smith and Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad
Takeaways
- K͟hālidūn (خالدون) signifies eternal or everlasting, particularly in the context of the afterlife.
- Appears approximately 50 times in the Qur’an, indicative of its theological importance.
- Serves to underscore eternal reward and punishment, reinforcing ethical behavior in life.
Conclusion
The term K͟HĀLIDŪN (خالدون) plays a pivotal role in the Islamic understanding of the afterlife. As a concept frequently referenced in the Qur’an, it encapsulates the enduring nature of both paradise and hell, reinforcing the principles of justice, accountability, and the ultimate significance of one’s deeds in this world.
By exploring this term, one gains deeper insight into the Islamic eschatological framework and the broader ethical imperatives that govern Muslim life.
