Juʿl (جعل)
Definition
Juʿl (جعل) refers to the hire or reward of labor in Islamic law. It involves an extraordinary pay or donation given for services rendered, typically outside the regular contractual or employment framework. In legal parlance, juʿl is notably used as a reward for bringing back a fugitive slave.
Etymology
The Arabic word جعل (juʿl) translates to “reward,” “compensation,” or “payment.” Its usage in legal texts underscores its significance in the management of labor relations and compensations within an Islamic context.
Arabic and Turkish Translations
- Arabic: جعل (Juʿl)
- Turkish: Ücret, Bağış
Significance in Islamic Law
In the context of Islamic jurisprudence, juʿl plays a vital role in situations where typical contract norms do not apply. Examples include:
- Reward for Information: Offering a juʿl to someone who provides information leading to the return of a lost item or person.
- Labor Outside Contracts: Payment to individuals who perform services not covered under a formal employment agreement.
- Fugitive Slave Law: Historically, juʿl served as a bounty for the capture and return of escaped slaves, highlighting its role in maintaining social and legal order.
Books for Further Studies
- “Islamic Law: From Historical Foundations to Contemporary Practice” by Wael B. Hallaq
- “An Introduction to Islamic Law” by Joseph Schacht
- “The Origins and Evolution of Islamic Law” by Wael B. Hallaq
- “The Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence” by Mohammad Hashim Kamali
Takeaways
- Juʿl is an essential concept in Islamic law representing compensation for labor or services that fall outside regular contractual obligations.
- Historically, it served critical roles, such as providing rewards for the return of fugitive slaves and lost property.
- An understanding of juʿl helps in comprehending broader Islamic legal and ethical systems regarding labor and compensation.
Conclusion
Juʿl (جعل) is a multifaceted concept integral to the Islamic legal tradition, particularly in managing labor and rewards outside conventional contractual frameworks. It emphasizes the importance of fair compensation and reinforces accountability within the socio-legal fabric of Islamic communities.
Understanding this term enriches one’s comprehension of Islamic law and the ethical considerations surrounding labor and compensation in historical and contemporary Islamic societies.
