Jamiat al-Dawah wa’l-Irshad (جمعية الدعوة والإرشاد)
Definition
Jamiat al-Dawah wa’l-Irshad: A society founded by Muhammad Rashid Rida in 1911 in Egypt, aimed to serve as the cornerstone of Ottoman pan-Islamic activities. It was revived in 1931 during the General Islamic Congress of Jerusalem as a missionary organization to propagate Islam both outside and within the Muslim community.
Etymology
The term “Jamiat al-Dawah wa’l-Irshad” is derived from Arabic:
- جمعية (Jamiat): “Society” or “Assembly”
- الدعوة (al-Dawah): “The Call” or “Missionary Invitation”
- الإرشاد (al-Irshad): “Guidance” or “Instruction”
Arabic and Turkish Translations
- Arabic: جمعية الدعوة والإرشاد (Jamiat al-Dawah wa’l-Irshad)
- Turkish: Davet ve İrşad Cemiyeti
Historical Context
Muhammad Rashid Rida, a pivotal figure in modern Islamic thought, established Jamiat al-Dawah wa’l-Irshad in 1911 in Egypt to unify Muslim efforts and support the Ottoman Empire’s pan-Islamic vision. This movement was not merely local but aimed at a rejuvenated Islamic unity and identity in an era of colonial pressures. It was reborn as a potent force in 1931, under the auspices of the General Islamic Congress of Jerusalem, marking its evolution from an Egyptian society to an international missionary body.
Revival and Mission
In 1931, the society was revived with new vigor at the General Islamic Congress of Jerusalem. This rejuvenation aimed to:
- Spread Islamic teachings internationally.
- Boost the Ummah’s (Muslim community) morale.
- Work against colonial influences on predominantly Muslim territories.
- Introduce and reaffirm Islamic values both to Muslims and non-Muslims worldwide.
Suggested Books for Further Studies
- “Muhammad Rashid Rida: A Political Biography” by Emad Eldin Shahin - This book provides an in-depth analysis of Rida’s life, thoughts, and contributions to Islamic reform and political thought.
- “Islamic Reform: Politics and Social Change in Late Ottoman Syria” by David D. Commins - A comprehensive study on the sociopolitical context within which Rashid Rida operated.
- “Revival and Reform in Islam: The Legacy of Muhammad al-Shawkani” by Bernard Haykel - Explores the reformist ideals and their propagation through various movements.
Takeaways and Conclusion
Jamiat al-Dawah wa’l-Irshad represents a significant effort in the early 20th century to unify and rejuvenate Muslim identity and presence globally. By examining its conception and its revival, scholars understand the intricate strategies employed within Islamic societies to counteract colonization and modern challenges. A case study of its foundation, goals, and impact provides fascinating insights into the ideological journeys of past Islamic societies and the enduring quest for unity within the Ummah.
This society not only underscores Rida’s influence but serves as a touchpoint in understanding the progression of modern Islamic missionary activities. Its role in spreading Islamic teachings has had a lasting impact, emphasizing the importance of guidance and persistent faith in fostering an inclusive yet distinctly Islamic global identity.
