I’thar (ايثار)
Definition and Concept
I’thar (Arabic: إِيثَار, Turkish: İsar) refers to the Islamic virtue of selflessness, where an individual prioritizes the needs and benefits of others over their own. It represents the highest form of human friendship and altruism, emphasizing the importance of thinking of another’s gain rather than pursuing personal advantages.
Etymology
The term I’thar is derived from the Arabic root word أ ث ر (ʾ-ṯ-r), which signifies “preferring” or “giving preference.” In the theological and philosophical context, I’thar is closely associated with the idea of altruism and generosity.
Theological Significance
In Islamic teachings, I’thar is held in high regard as it reflects a deep sense of compassion, love, and brotherhood among Muslims. The Qur’an and the Hadiths (sayings of Prophet Muhammad) repeatedly emphasize the necessity of selflessness and generosity, praising those who put others’ needs before their own.
Qur’anic Context
A quintessential Qur’anic example of I’thar is illustrated in Surah Al-Hashr (59:9):
<p>“And those who, before them, had homes (in Madinah) and had adopted the Faith, show their affection to such as came to them for refuge, and entertain no desire in their hearts for things given to the (latter), but give them preference over themselves, even though poverty was their (own lot).”</p>
This verse epitomizes the virtue of I’thar demonstrated by the Ansar (residents of Madinah) who supported the Muhajirun (emigrants from Mecca) selflessly.
Historical Implications
The embodiment of I’thar can be seen in many instances during the life of Prophet Muhammad and his companions. One notable example is the brotherhood pact between the Muhajirun and the Ansar, where the latter shared their wealth, homes, and resources with the former during their early days in Madinah.
Practical Applications in Daily Life
Practicing I’thar in everyday life can be manifested through numerous small and large actions, such as:
- Donating to the needy.
- Sharing resources with less fortunate individuals.
- Volunteering time and effort to benefit others.
Recommended Books for Further Studies
- “Ihya Ulum al-Din” by Abu Hamid al-Ghazali - A comprehensive book on Islamic ethics and spirituality.
- “Purification of the Heart” by Hamza Yusuf - Discusses various spiritual ailments and their cures, including topics related to selflessness and altruism.
- “The Book of Assistance” by Imam al-Haddad - Offers guidance on spiritual development and ethical conduct in light of Islamic teachings.
Takeaways
- I’thar encapsulates the essence of selflessness and altruism, which are highly valued in Islam.
- It promotes human bonds based on compassion, empathy, and mutual aid.
- Adopting I’thar leads to a more compassionate and interconnected community.
Conclusion
Understanding and incorporating I’thar into one’s life not only fulfills a critical aspect of Islamic teachings but also promotes a harmonious and empathetic society. By placing others’ needs above our own, we can foster a culture of mutual respect, love, and support.
