Envy (Ḥasad)
Definition
Envy, known in Arabic as Ḥasad (حسد), refers to a feeling of jealousy or coveting what others possess. This inherently negative emotion can manifest in various harmful behaviors, and Islamic teachings strongly advise against it.
Etymology
The Arabic term Ḥasad (حسد) stems from the root ḥ-s-d, which denotes jealousy, spite, or malicious envy.
In Turkish, the word for envy is Haset, derived from the same Arabic root ḥ-s-d.
Qur’anic Occurrences and Significance
The concept of envy is addressed prominently within the Qur’an, emphasizing its destructive nature and advising believers to seek protection from it. The term Ḥasad appears explicitly in two significant instances:
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Surah Al-Baqarah (2:109)
<p>“Many of the People of the Book wish that they could turn you back to disbelief after you have believed, out of envy from themselves even after the truth has become clear to them.”</p>
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Surah Al-Falaq (113:5)
<p>“And from the evil of an envier when he envies.”</p>
In these verses, envy is depicted as a motivator for disbelief and malevolent actions, and Muslims are encouraged to seek refuge from its harmful effects.
Islamic Teachings and Remedies
Islamic teachings place significant emphasis on curbing envy (ḥasad) through various spiritual and ethical practices. Some key guidelines and remedies include:
- Gratitude (Shukr): Regularly expressing gratitude for one’s own blessings to avoid the pitfalls of envy.
- Contentment (Qana’ah): Cultivating a sense of contentment with what one has.
- Charity (Sadaqah): Giving to others as an act of generosity can mitigate feelings of envy.
- Supplication (Dua): Seeking Allah’s protection from envy, as emphasized in Surah Al-Falaq.
- Self-reflection (Tafakkur): Engaging in self-reflection to recognize and address feelings of envy.
Recommended Books for Further Study
- “The Purification of the Soul: M. A. Farid” by Hamza Yusuf, translated by M.A. Farid, which offers insights into combating various negative traits, including envy.
- “Al-Muhasibi’s Risala al-Mustarshideen: An Epistle to the Seekers of Guidance” for a classical perspective on spiritual purification.
- “Envy: Theory and Research” edited by Richard H. Smith. Though not specific to Islam, it offers comprehensive insights into envy as a universal human experience.
Key Takeaways
- Ḥasad (Envy) is considered a destructive emotion in Islam with potential harmful outcomes on personal and communal levels.
- The Qur’an acknowledges the presence and negative impact of envy, advising against it and providing spiritual remedies.
- Islamic spiritual practices offer effective ways to combat and mitigate the influence of envy.
Conclusion
Envy or Ḥasad holds a crucial place in Islamic ethics, regarded as a significant negative emotion that believers must actively work to eliminate. Through understanding Qur’anic teachings, internalizing gratitude, and adopting a lifestyle of contentment and charity, Muslims are encouraged to seek protection from and eradicate envy.
By delving deeper into the spiritual and intellectual traditions of Islam, one can better understand the roots and remedies for envy, ultimately fostering a more harmonious and spiritually fulfilling life.
