Dictionary of Islam - Preface and Introduction

Preface

Introduction and Purpose

The “Dictionary of Islam” aims to provide a systematic exposition of Islamic doctrines, rites, ceremonies, and customs in a tabulated form. This work addresses the growing interest in Eastern studies and comparative religion by presenting a comprehensive and neutral examination of the Muslim faith for English-speaking audiences.

Etymology and Translations

• Islam (Arabic: إِسْلَام, Turkish: İslâm)
• Dictionary (قاموس, Sözlük)

Key Contributors and Sources

The dictionary is compiled by a clergyman with 20 years of missionary work experience in Peshawar. It incorporates insights from various scholars and Arabic/Persian texts. Notably, it includes contributions from Dr. F. Steingass and insights from Sir William Muir’s “Life of Mahomet,” alongside other reputable works.

Scope and Limitations

While primarily focusing on the Sunni sect, the dictionary also touches upon significant theological and jurisprudential differences among Shiah and Wahhabi sects. Recognizing the representation of these groups, especially the minority Shiah, who constitute around ten million out of the total 175 million Muslims worldwide, the dictionary prioritizes the comprehensive views and practices prevalent among Sunnis.

Methodology

The dictionary is designed for accessibility, catering to English scholars without requiring prior knowledge of Arabic. Thus, entries are organized under English terms, e.g., “God” instead of “Allah” and “Prayer” instead of “Salat.” Important translations from the Qur’an by Palmer and Rodwell are employed, with some entirely new translations provided where necessary.

Scholarly Assistance and Critiques

The work benefited from the editorial and scholarly input of figures like Dr. F. Steingass and Mr. F. Pincott, M.R.A.S., ensuring accuracy in the discussions on textual criticisms and sects like Sikhism within the Islamic context.

Objective

Rather than engaging in polemics, this dictionary strives to present an unbiased, fact-based account of Islam’s teachings. It intends to serve a diverse readership, including government officials, missionaries, travelers, and students of comparative religion, offering them a valuable resource for understanding the guiding principles of Islam, which influence millions globally.

Takeaways and Conclusion

1. Exposition of Islamic Principles: Provides a detailed account of Islamic doctrines, practices, and terminologies.
2. Focused on Sunni Islam: Prioritizes Sunni views while addressing differences in Shiah and Wahhabi sects.
3. Accessible Format: Organized under English terms to cater to readers unfamiliar with Arabic.
4. Scholarly Contribution: Involves inputs from respected scholars to ensure depth and accuracy.
5. Resource for Various Audiences: Useful for officials, missionaries, travelers, and students of religion.

Suggested Books for Further Study

• The Life of Mahomet by Sir William Muir
• Selections from the Koran by Edward William Lane
• Modern Egyptians by Edward William Lane, edited by Stanley Lane Poole
• Islamic Law: From Historical Foundations to Contemporary Practice by Mashood A. Baderin

This “Dictionary of Islam” serves as a valuable academic and practical resource for understanding the vast and intricate world of Islamic faith and practices, reflecting the nuanced perspectives within the global Muslim community.

July 23rd, 1885.