Dhahabi Tariqah
The Dhahabi Tariqah, a branch of the Kubrawi order, was founded by Najm al-Din Kubra (d. 1221) in the thirteenth century. Known for its unique spiritual and mystical practices, the Dhahabi Tariqah traces its line of succession back to Abd Allah Barzishabadi in the fifteenth century. This tariqah is primarily centered in Shiraz, with sister khanaqahs (Sufi centers) in Tehran and Tabriz.
Etymology
The etymology of the name Dhahabi (Arabic: الذهبي, Turkish: Altıncı) is not definitively established. Dhahabi means “golden” in Arabic, potentially indicating a reference to spiritual illumination or purity aspired within the order. However, the exact origin of the order’s name remains a subject of scholarly inquiry.
Historical Context
Kubrawi Roots
The Kubrawi order, named after the prolific Sufi master Najm al-Din Kubra, significantly influenced the development of Sufism in Persia. Kubra’s teachings emphasized rigorous spiritual exercises, visionary experiences, and detailed psychological insight.
Evolution to Dhahabi
By the fifteenth century, Abd Allah Barzishabadi fostered a unique spiritual lineage within the Kubrawi framework. This lineage eventually became recognized as the Dhahabi Tariqah. Barzishabadi’s teachings further specialized the already intricate practices of the Kubrawi order, giving rise to a distinctive identity.
Key Centers and Influence
The Dhahabi Tariqah’s primary influence remains in Iran, particularly in Shiraz, with pervasive spiritual and cultural influence extending to Tehran and Tabriz. The khanaqahs, serving as spiritual hubs, encourage mystical experiences, communal rituals, and the perpetuation of the tariqah’s core teachings.
Recommended Books for Further Study
- “The Divine Flashes” (Rashahat Mahal al Quds min Nafahat), by Fakhruddin ‘Iraqi - Explores the foundations of Sufi theosophy relevant to Kubrawi and subsequent movements.
- “The Naqshbandi Sufis of the Golden Chain” by Abu Bakr Siraj ud-Din - Though it focuses on the Naqshbandi order, it offers insight into the practices and persuasions that intersect with those of the Dhahabi.
- “Islamic Mystical Poetry” by CJ Lyall - Offers context into the poetic traditions often embraced by Sufi orders including the Dhahabi Tariqah.
- “Najm al-Din Kubra and the Sufi Tradition” by Ahmet T. Karamustafa - Detailing Kubra’s life which gives pertinent background information on the origins of the Dhahabi Tariqah.
Takeaways
- Spiritual Lineage: Emphasizes the unbroken chain of spiritual masters from Najm al-Din Kubra to Abdullah Barzishabadi.
- Mystical Practices: Focus on inner purification, visionary experiences, and the intricate dance between metaphysical principles and personal spiritual growth.
- Cultural Hubs: Revolves around key spiritual centers in Shiraz, Tehran, and Tabriz providing communal and individual experiences of spirituality.
- Scholarly Interest: Attracts continuous scholarly interest due to its elusive name origin and significant mystical impact.
Conclusion
The Dhahabi Tariqah stands as a notable branch of the Kubrawi order, distinguished by its spiritual practices and historical significance. Despite its subtle nomenclature ambiguities, it continues to be a profound beacon for seekers within the realm of Sufism. This tariqah’s enduring presence in central Iranian cities highlights its importance in the spiritual and cultural landscape of the region.
For those interested in deepening their understanding or exploration of Sufi orders, the Dhahabi Tariqah presents an intricate lattice of devotion, tradition, and mystical insight worth academic and spiritual pursuit.
