Dahrī (دهرى)
Definition and Significance
Dahrī (دهرى) refers to individuals in Islamic thought who believe in the eternity of matter, asserting that the universe has always existed and will continue to exist indefinitely. This belief system denies the concept of temporal creation, the Day of Resurrection (Yawm al-Qiyāmah), and the Judgment (Yawm ad-Dīn). As such, Dahrīs are often associated with atheism within Islamic theological discourse.
Etymology
The term “Dahrī” is derived from the Arabic root “د ه ر” (d-h-r), which pertains to time or eternity. The word “dahr” (دهر) itself means “time” or “age,” often connoting an extended or indefinite period. Therefore, “Dahrī” essentially means “a person of time” or one who believes in the eternal nature of the universe.
Arabic and Turkish Translations
- Arabic: دهري (Dahrī)
- Turkish: Dehri
Concept in Islamic Thought
In classical Islamic thought, the term is often mentioned in theological and philosophical discussions to distinguish between various beliefs about the nature of the universe and the afterlife:
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Eternal Universe: Dahrīs hold the view that matter is neither created nor annihilated. The universe has always existed, contradicting the Islamic belief in a created universe.
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Denial of Judgment Day: By denying the Day of Resurrection and Judgment, Dahrīs are seen to reject a fundamental tenet of Islamic eschatology, which involves the accountability of human actions and their ultimate recompense in an afterlife.
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Atheism: Often, but not always, Dahrīs are equated with atheists due to their rejection of divine creation and eschatological doctrines.
Classical References
The term is referenced in various classical Islamic texts, including:
- G͟hiyās̤u ʾl-Lug͟hāt: A classical lexicon where the term is explicitly defined as one who believes in the eternity of matter and denies the Resurrection and Judgment.
Suggested Books for Further Study
- “Islamic Philosophy: An Introduction” by Oliver Leaman - This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the core themes and figures in Islamic philosophy.
- “History of Islamic Philosophy” edited by Seyyed Hossein Nasr and Oliver Leaman - An extensive collection of works discussing various philosophical trends, including the debates around the concept of eternity.
- “Rethinking Islamic Studies: From Orientalism to Cosmopolitanism” edited by Carl W. Ernst and Richard C. Martin - A collection of essays that explore diverse perspectives in Islamic thought, challenging traditional interpretations.
Takeaways
- Dahrī refers to individuals who believe in the eternal nature of the universe, conflicting with Islamic creationism.
- The term originates from the Arabic root related to time, emphasizing the eternal aspect.
- Classical Islamic texts highlight the theological and philosophical significance of this term, considering Dahrīs akin to atheists.
- Understanding the concept requires delving into broader discourses of Islamic philosophy and theology.
Conclusion
The concept of Dahrī plays a pivotal role in Islamic intellectual history, particularly in distinguishing materialist and atheist views from mainstream Islamic beliefs. By exploring this term, one gains deeper insights into the complex debates within Islamic philosophy regarding the nature of existence, time, and the afterlife. For further understanding, delving into recommended texts will provide a broader and richer context.
