Ceylon (Sarandīb) in Islam
Etymology and Arabic Translation
Ceylon, known in Arabic as Sarandīb (سرنديب), holds a notable place in Islamic mythology and tradition.
Islamic Mythology: The Tale of Adam and Eve
According to Islamic commentators, when Adam and Eve were cast out of Paradise, Adam descended upon the island of Ceylon (Sarandīb), while Eve descended near Jiddah in Arabia. This narrative enriches the tapestry of Islamic tradition and highlights Ceylon’s (modern-day Sri Lanka) historical and religious significance.
Significance in Islamic Tradition
The Descent from Paradise
Islamic tradition holds that after their expulsion from Paradise, Adam and Eve experienced a prolonged separation of 200 years. Their descent to different locations — Adam to Sarandīb and Eve to Jiddah — signifies a period of trial and repentance.
Reunion and Mount ʿArafah
On repenting for his transgressions, Adam was guided by the angel Gabriel to a mountain near Makkah, named ʿArafah (عرفات). It was here that Adam and Eve were reunited, an event imbued with deep significance in Islamic lore. This mountain continues to be a pivotal site of religious observance, particularly during the Hajj pilgrimage.
Propagation of Humankind
Following their reunion, Adam and Eve returned to Ceylon, where they continued to propagate the human race. This location thus becomes foundational in the lineage of humankind in Islamic teachings.
Further Studies
For those interested in exploring the intersection of geography, mythology, and religious history in Islam, here are some recommended readings:
- Bibl. Orient. by Barthélemy d’Herbelot de Molainville - Particularly page 55 for the direct reference.
- “The Histories” by Herodotus - Offers contextual insights into ancient views of regions like Ceylon.
- “The Qur’an” - Various translations and commentaries.
- “Islamic Legends: Histories, Tales, and Stories from the Islamic World” by Philip K. Hitti
Takeaways and Conclusion
Ceylon, or Sarandīb, holds a unique place within Islamic tradition as the initial earthly home of Adam post-Paradise. The narrative emphasizes the themes of separation, repentance, divine guidance, and familial reunion, which continue to resonate within Islamic theology and cultural practices.
Understanding this tale offers insight into broader Islamic teachings about human origin, the role of divine mercy, and the enduring importance of sacred geography.
