BURĀQ (براق) in Islam
Etymology and Translation
- Arabic: براق (Burāq)
- Turkish: Burak
The name Burāq stems from the Arabic root برق (b-r-q), meaning “lightning,” which likely refers to the creature’s extraordinary speed and radiance.
Definition
Burāq is a celestial steed in Islamic tradition upon which the Prophet Muḥammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) is said to have ascended through the heavens during the nocturnal journey known as the Miʿrāj (المعراج). This defining moment in Islamic mythology underscores the Divine sanction and support bestowed upon Muḥammad’s prophethood.
Characteristics
Described as a bright, white animal, Burāq is said to be larger than a donkey yet smaller than a mule, endowed with wings. This vision of a magnificent steed aligns with similar fantastical creatures in ancient cultures, such as the Assyrian gryphon.
Role in Miʿrāj
The Miʿrāj represents Muḥammad’s (صلى الله عليه وسلم) miraculous journey from Mecca to Jerusalem and subsequently through the seven heavens. According to Islamic tradition, Burāq transported the Prophet from the sacred mosque in Mecca to Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, marking the beginning of his ascension to the Divine presence.
- Majma’u l-Biḥār: This key Islamic reference provides additional details about Burāq’s description, emphasizing its luminous nature and speed.
Comparative Mythology
The description of Burāq bears a resemblance to creatures from other cultural mythologies, such as the Assyrian gryphon. This cross-cultural parallel hints at the widespread human fascination with mythical beings capable of transcending ordinary abilities.
Further Study Recommendations
To delve deeper into the significance of Burāq and its impact on Islamic theology, the following books are suggested:
- “The Night Journey and Ascension in Islam: The Vision of the Prophet Muhammad” by Sh. Razi
- “Prophet Muhammad: A Biography” by Barnaby Rogerson
- “A History of Islamic Societies” by Ira M. Lapidus
- “Miʿrāj in Islamic Art and Literature” by S. A. Dhul-Kifl
Takeaways
- Definition: Burāq is a celestial steed associated with Muḥammad’s Miʿrāj.
- Characteristics: Bright, winged, between a mule and an ass in size.
- Cultural Significance: Symbolizes divine support and the miraculous aspects of Muḥammad’s prophethood.
Conclusion
The concept of Burāq is replete with rich symbolism that continues to captivate the faithful and scholars alike. It underscores Prophet Muḥammad’s divine journey and signifies God’s boundless power and support for His prophets.
By studying Burāq, one can gain greater insight into Islamic theology, eschatology, and the cultural interconnections seen throughout various ancient mythologies.
