Blood in Islamic Jurisprudence
Unlawful Sale of Blood
The sale of blood is considered unlawful in Islam, as mentioned in the classical Islamic text Hamilton’s Hidāyah (vol. ii. p. 428). This ruling is based on the principles of Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) which emphasize the sanctity and dignity of human life.
Etymology and Linguistic Roots
- Arabic: الدم (ad-dam)
- Turkish: Kan
The word “blood” in Arabic (الدم, ad-dam) and Turkish (Kan) carries significant implications in both medical and religious contexts, emphasizing its vital role and the ethical considerations surrounding its use.
Importance of Blood in Islamic Thought
Blood Donation
While the sale of blood is unlawful, blood donation, especially in emergencies or life-threatening conditions, is highly encouraged and seen as an act of charity (Sadaqah) and saving a life, which is extremely praiseworthy in Islam.
Blood in Rituals and Drink Consumption
Blood consumption, whether within food or drink, is strictly prohibited (Haram) in Islam. This is explicit in the Quran:
<p>“<strong>Say, ‘I do not find within that which was revealed to me [anything] forbidden to one who would eat it unless it be a dead animal or blood spilled out or the flesh of swine - for indeed, it is impure - or it be [that slaughtered in] disobedience, dedicated to other than Allah.</strong>” (Quran 6:145)</p>
Legal and Ethical Considerations
The Sanctity of Life
Islamic law upholds the sanctity of human life. The prohibition on selling blood emphasizes that human body parts cannot be commercialized, maintaining the dignity of human beings.
Consent and Willingness
Blood donation must be voluntary and with the donor’s full consent. Any form of coercion or commercial transaction invalidates the act, making it unlawful.
Recommendations for Further Study
To gain a deeper understanding of the subject, consider the following books:
- Islamic Jurisprudence by Imran Ahsan Khan Nyazee
- The Origins and Evolution of Islamic Law by Wael B. Hallaq
- An Introduction to Islamic Law by Joseph Schacht
- Fiqh al-Sir: Understanding Islamic Law (Volume 1) by Muhammad Akram Nadwi
Takeaways
- The sale of blood is unlawful in Islam.
- Blood donations are permissible and commendable, especially when done voluntarily for saving lives.
- Understanding the ethical and legal aspects of blood in Islam requires a broader grasp of Islamic jurisprudence and theological principles.
Conclusion
Blood holds a sanctified status in Islam, emphasizing the importance of preserving human dignity and life. Adhering to Islamic principles regarding blood can lead to ethical practices that align with the faith’s core teachings. Understanding these aspects plays a crucial role in the application of Islamic law in modern contexts.
Understanding Islamic principles regarding blood enhances adherence to ethical practices and reflects Islam’s core teachings on human dignity and sanctity of life.
