Bilqis
Definition
Bilqis - According to Arab tradition, she is recognized as the biblical Queen of Sheba. Sheba was a wealthy and prosperous country whose predominant deity was represented by the sun. The Quran records that Solomon (Sulayman) wrote to Bilqis, asking for her submission to him and to Allah. Initially, Bilqis responded by sending Solomon a lavish gift. However, Solomon insisted she visit him personally. Upon meeting Solomon, she witnessed his wisdom and the greatness granted to him by God, which led to her acceptance of Islam.
Etymology and Translations
- Arabic: بِلْقِيس (Bilqīs)
- Turkish: Belkıs (Bilqis)
Historical and Cultural Context
Bilqis’s reign over Sheba, described as an affluent kingdom, reflects the ancient South Arabian civilization, which was notable for its wealth and its prominent worship of the sun deity. Her story in the Quran underscores the themes of divine wisdom and monotheism, portraying her ultimate recognition of the superiority of the One God over the earthly riches and former beliefs she held.
Qur’anic Narrative
Bilqis is mentioned explicitly in Surah An-Naml (Chapter 27 of the Quran), where the narrative illustrates her eventual acknowledgment of Islam and submission to the one true God. This story highlights the powerful messages of prophecy, wisdom, and the recognition of God’s guidance through His prophets.
Books for Further Studies
- “Stories of the Prophets” by Ibn Kathir: Provides detailed accounts of prophetic stories mentioned in the Quran, including the interaction between Solomon and Bilqis.
- “The Queen of Sheba and Her Only Son Menyelek” by E.A. Wallis Budge: Offers insight into the legends surrounding the Queen of Sheba across various traditions, incorporating both Islamic and Ethiopian perspectives.
- “The Holy Quran with English Translation and Commentary” by Maulana Muhammad Ali: Read comprehensive commentary on the Quranic verses detailing Bilqis’s interaction with Prophet Solomon.
Key Takeaways
- Bilqis is identified with the Queen of Sheba, a notable figure both in Islamic tradition and biblical texts.
- **Surah An-Naml (Q27) ** of the Quran is the primary source that details her story and her eventual acceptance of Islam.
- Bilqis’s tale emphasizes divine prophecy, wisdom, and the acceptance of monotheism in the face of polytheistic worship.
Conclusion
Bilqis represents a pivotal figure bridging Islamic tradition with earlier Abrahamic narratives, particularly those connected with the Judaic and Christian tales of the Queen of Sheba. Her story’s embodiment in the Quran highlights significant themes of wisdom, submission to God’s will, and the transformative power of divine guidance, making her a celebrated and influential character within Islamic history and theology.
