Bangladesh, Islam in
Islamic Demographics
Approximately eighty-five percent of the population of Bangladesh identify as Sunni Muslims, making Islam the predominant religion in the country. The remaining population is mostly comprised of Hindus, with smaller communities of Buddhists, Christians, and adherents of other religions.
Historical Arrival of Islam
Islam’s arrival in Bengal, of which modern-day Bangladesh is a part, commenced around 1200 CE with Turkic invasions. Islamic influence expanded further following the conquest of the region by the Mughals in 1576. Mughal rule lasted until the British began to cement their control in 1747.
Colonial and Post-Colonial Periods
At the time of the Indian subcontinent’s independence from British rule in 1947, the territory of Bengal was divided along religious lines. East Bengal became part of Pakistan as East Pakistan, while economic and political imbalances between East and West Pakistan (present-day Pakistan) led to increasing unrest and resentment in the east.
Independence and Political Structure
The burgeoning dissatisfaction culminated in the 1971 war for independence, led by the separatist Awami League. This struggle resulted in the establishment of Bangladesh as an independent nation. Today, Bangladesh’s political framework includes a unicameral National Parliament with 330 seats, of which 300 are elected by popular vote, and 30 are reserved for women. Members serve five-year terms.
Etymology and Translations
- Arabic: بنجلاديش، الإسلام في
- Turkish: Bangladeş’te İslam
Recommended Books for Further Studies
- “Islam in Bangladesh” by Nurul Hoque
- “The Bengal Diaspora” by Claire Alexander
- “Political History of Bangladesh” by Amaresh Misra
Key Takeaways
- Islam is the major religion in Bangladesh, with a rich history dating back to Turkic and Mughal times.
- The religious demographics significantly influenced the political landscape, especially during the partition and subsequent struggle for independence.
- The modern political system includes reserved seats for women, emphasizing attempts toward inclusive governance.
Conclusion
The history of Islam in Bangladesh is inextricably linked with its rich ancestral past and tumultuous journey toward independence. Today, its influence shapes not only the socio-cultural fabric of the country but also the political structures and policies.
This dictionary entry provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of Islam in Bangladesh, both historically and in contemporary society. For a deeper exploration of these topics, further readings from the recommended books can offer profound insights.
