Ar-Razzāq (الرزاق)
Definition
Ar-Razzāq (الرزاق) translates to “The Provider” in English. It is one of the ninety-nine divine names or attributes of Allah in Islam. The title emphasizes Allah’s role as the provider of sustenance and necessities for all of creation. This name encompasses not only the basic needs like food and water but also the spiritual and emotional provisions.
Etymology
Ar-Razzāq derives from the Arabic root رزق (R-Z-Q), which means “to provide”, “to sustain”, or “to grant sustenance”. The form رزاق (Razzāq) is an intensive noun, indicating a continuous and abundant form of provision.
- Arabic: الرزاق (Ar-Razzāq)
- Turkish: Rezzâk
Qur’anic Reference
The term Ar-Razzāq specifically occurs in the Qur’an once:
- Surah Adh-Dhariyat (51:58): “Verily, Allah is the Provider” (إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الرَّزَّاقُ).
This verse underlines Allah’s exclusive ability to ensure the sustenance of all creatures, affirming His omnipotence and benevolent nature.
Significance in Islam
Theological Implications
- Dependence on Allah: Belief in Allah as Ar-Razzāq fosters a deep sense of reliance on divine provision and mercy. It encourages Muslims to trust in Allah for their sustenance and needs.
- Recognition of Divine Grace: Acknowledging Allah as Ar-Razzāq leads to gratitude and humility, recognizing that all provisions come from a higher, divine source.
- Equity and Unity: Understanding that Allah is the provider for all promotes a sense of unity and equity among humans, countering greed and fostering generosity and charity (Sadaqah).
Practical Impact
- Daily Prayers: Muslims often invoke Ar-Razzāq in their daily prayers, asking Allah for continued sustenance and guidance.
- Charitable Acts: The recognition of Allah as the provider encourages Muslims to share their blessings with the less fortunate, participating in acts of charity and Zakat.
Further Studies and References
For those interested in deepening their understanding of Ar-Razzāq and its implications, the following books are recommended:
- “Al-Maqsad al-Asna: The Best Means of Understanding Allah’s Beautiful Names” by Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali
- “Ninety-Nine Names of Allah” by Shems Friedlander
- “God’s Names: An Introduction to the Divine Names in the Qur’an” by David Bentley
Takeaways
- Ar-Razzāq (الرزاق) highlights Allah’s role as the ultimate provider of all needs, both physical and spiritual.
- The name is rooted in the Arabic term for provision, emphasizing continuous and abundant sustenance.
- Recognizing Allah as Ar-Razzāq fosters gratitude, reliance on divine grace, and encourages charitable behavior among Muslims.
Conclusion
Understanding the name Ar-Razzāq enriches one’s perception of divine generosity and sustenance in Islam. This attribute not only emphasizes Allah’s comprehensive provision for all creatures but also instills values of gratitude, unity, and compassion in the hearts of believers.
