An-Nisā (النساء)
Meaning and Translation
- Arabic: النساء
- Transliteration: An-Nisā
- Translation: Women
Overview
An-Nisā (النساء) is the IVth Sūrah (chapter) of the Qurʾān. It derives its name from the subject matter predominately covered within the chapter, focusing on women’s issues, rights, and roles within the Islamic framework. An-Nisā is one of the key chapters that discusses the legal and social status of women, providing guidelines on marriage, family, and inheritance.
Etymology
The word An-Nisā (النساء) comes from the Arabic root “ن س ا” (n-s-a), which concerns matters related to women.
Context and Significance
An-Nisā is a Medinan Sūrah, revealed after the Hijrah (migration) of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) to Medina. It addresses many legal and ethical issues, including women’s rights, fairness in inheritance, and justice within the family structure.
Key Themes
- Rights and Responsibilities: The Sūrah elaborates on the rights of women, such as the entitlement to inheritance and fair treatment within marriage.
- Family and Social Justice: An-Nisā provides guidance on maintaining justice in familial relationships, ensuring that women’s rights are protected.
- Legal Framework: The chapter lays down several legal rulings that affect both men and women, emphasizing equity and responsibility.
Suggested Books for Further Study
- “The Qur’an: A New Translation” by M. A. S. Abdel Haleem
- “Women and Gender in Islam” by Leila Ahmed
- “An Introduction to Islam” by Frederick Mathewson Denny
- “The Study Quran: A New Translation and Commentary” by Seyyed Hossein Nasr
Takeaways
- Rights of Women: An-Nisā serves as a critical source for understanding the intricate guidelines regarding the rights and duties of women in Islam.
- Legal Foundations: It provides essential rulings on family law and social justice, impacting daily lives of Muslims.
- Ethical Mandates: Offers ethical guidance that underscores the importance of equity, fairness, and justice within the Islamic faith.
Conclusion
An-Nisā (النساء) is an indispensable Sūrah for those who seek to understand the role and rights of women in Islam. It lays out comprehensive instructions on ethical conduct, legal rights, and social justice, making it a crucial point of reference in Islamic theology and law.
