Al-Qiyāmah (القيامة)
Definition and Significance
Al-Qiyāmah (القيامة) is an Arabic term that holds critical importance in Islam, embodying several core beliefs and concepts. Primarily, it refers to the Day of Resurrection or Judgment Day, a central tenet in Islamic eschatology where believers and non-believers are resurrected and judged by Allah.
Qur’anic Context
Al-Qiyāmah is also the title of the 75th Surah (chapter) of the Qur’an, underscoring its theological significance. This Surah elaborates upon the events and the nature of the Day of Resurrection, providing both a vivid description and a moral exhortation.
Spiritual Context in Sufism
In Sufi terminology, Al-Qiyāmah takes on an esoteric meaning. It signifies a profound spiritual awakening where an individual, deemed “dead to the world,” undergoes a metaphysical resurrection into a new life dedicated to divine unity. This state is well explored in works like ʿAbdu ʾr-Razzāq’s “Dictionary of Sufi Terms.”
Etymology
The term Al-Qiyāmah (القيامة) stems from the Arabic root “قام” (qam), which means “to stand” or “to rise.” The suffix “ة” (ah) forms a noun, making it directly translatable to “The Standing up.”
Arabic and Turkish Translations
- Arabic: القيامة
- Turkish: Kıyamet
Further Reading
- “The Qur’an” by M.A.S. Abdel Haleem (Oxford World’s Classics)
- “Islamic Eschatology: Seeing the End of the World” by David Cook
- “Sufism and Mystical Thought” by William Chittick
Takeaways
- Al-Qiyāmah is fundamental in Islamic eschatology, denoting the Day of Resurrection.
- It serves as the title of the 75th Surah in the Qur’an, focusing on themes of judgment and resurrection.
- In Sufism, the term is used metaphorically to describe a profound spiritual awakening.
- Etymology: Derived from the Arabic root “قام” (qam) meaning “to stand” or “rise.”
Conclusion
Al-Qiyāmah is a term that encapsulates both the ending and the new beginning in Islamic thought, tying together divine judgment and spiritual resurrection. Its dual meanings enrich both orthodox and mystical interpretations within the Islamic tradition, making it a cornerstone in understanding Islamic eschatology and Sufism.
