Ad-Dukhān (الـدخان) in Islam
Definition
Ad-Dukhān (الـدخان) is the Arabic term that translates to “The Smoke” in English. The term specifically refers to the title of the 44th chapter (Surah) of the Qur’an. This chapter contains 59 verses (ayat) and addresses themes of divine judgment, repentance, and the transient nature of worldly life.
Etymology and Translations
- Etymology: The Arabic root of the term dukhān (دُخَان) is derived from the verb dakhana (دَخَنَ), meaning “to smoke” or “to emit smoke.”
- Arabic: الـدخان
- Turkish: Duhan
Significance
In Surah Ad-Dukhān, the 9th verse mentions a palpable smoke as part of a divine sign and prophecy. This alludes to an apocalyptic event and serves as a warning for those who dismiss divine revelations. The specific verse reads:
- Qur’an 44:10: “Expect thou the day when the heaven shall bring a palpable smoke.”
Themes
- Divine Judgment: The chapter underscores the inevitability of divine judgment and punishment for those who persist in disbelief.
- Repentance and Mercy: It also highlights God’s mercy and the opportunity for repentance before the final judgment.
- Transient World: Reminds believers of the transient nature of worldly life and the permanence of the afterlife.
Related Concepts
- Eschatology: The study of end times and final events in a religious context. Ad-Dukhān is essential in understanding Islamic eschatology and the signs preceding the Day of Judgment.
- Prophetic Traditions: Hadith literature often complements the themes in Ad-Dukhān, elaborating on the signs of the Last Day as narrated by the Prophet Muhammad.
Further Reading
- “The Qur’an: A New Translation” by M.A.S. Abdel Haleem: Offers insightful commentary and modern English translation.
- “The Qur’an: An Encyclopedia” edited by Oliver Leaman: Provides extensive background on various surahs, including Ad-Dukhān.
- “Signs of the Day of Judgment” by Ibn Kathir: Delve into eschatological themes and signs of judgment day as outlined in the Qur’an and Hadith.
Takeaways
- Ad-Dukhān denotes not only an esoteric sign mentioned in the Qur’an but also invites reflection on the broader realities of divine justice and the ephemeral nature of life.
- The study of Ad-Dukhān enriches the understanding of Islamic eschatology and its associated beliefs and practices.
Conclusion
Ad-Dukhān holds profound theological and eschatological significance in Islamic thought. It serves as a reminder of the transient nature of worldly life and the ultimate reality of divine judgment. Exploring this chapter facilitates a deeper understanding of core Islamic beliefs and the prophetic traditions that shape them.
