AẒ-ẒĀRR (الضار) in Islam
Etymology and Translations
AẒ-ẒĀRR (الضار) derives from the Arabic root ض-ر-ر, which implies causing harm or distress. This attribute of God, translated as “The Distresser,” reflects one of the nuanced aspects of divine omnipotence in Islam.
Arabic: الضار
Turkish: Zararlı
Qur’anic Occurrences and Context
While the exact term AẒ-ẒĀRR does not appear verbatim in the Qur’an, the root concept is applied in various contexts to denote actions of harm or distress, particularly in relation to Satan and his efforts to mislead the faithful. One pertinent reference is found in Sūrah Al-Mujādila (58:10):
<p>“Only of Satan is this clandestine talk, that he may bring the faithful to grief; but, unless by God’s permission, not aught shall he harm them (laisa bi-ẓārrihim)! In God, then, let the faithful trust.”</p>
The verse underscores that all distress or harm stems from divine permission, highlighting God’s supreme authority over all occurrences, good or bad.
Theological Implications
In the Islamic worldview, understanding God as AẒ-ẒĀRR complements the paradigm of divine omnipotence. While God is also the Most Merciful (Ar-Rahman رحمن) and the Beneficent (Ar-Rahim الرحيم), recognizing God’s role as “The Distresser” conveys the totality of divine control. This belief encourages Muslims to maintain trust and faith in God’s wisdom, despite the trials and tribulations they may encounter.
Relation to Other Divine Names
AẒ-ẒĀRR is understood in conjunction with An-Nāfiʿ (النافع) - The Propitious, another divine attribute, reflecting the juxtaposition of harm and benefit within God’s dominion. Together, these names emphasize the balance of divine will and functionality in the world, reflecting the complexity and completeness of God’s nature.
Books for Further Study
- “The Ninety-Nine Beautiful Names of God” by Ghazzali al-Ghazzali
- “God and His Attributes in Islam” by A.J. Wensinck
- “Divine Names: The 99 Healing Names of the One Love” by Rosina-Fawzia al-Rawi
Key Takeaways
- AẒ-ẒĀRR means “The Distresser” and is one of the 99 attributes of God in Islam.
- It highlights that all distress and harm occur by God’s permission, underscoring divine omnipotence.
- The term encourages Muslims to maintain faith and trust in God’s overarching plans, even during tribulations.
- AẒ-ẒĀRR is juxtaposed with An-Nāfiʿ, reflecting the balance between harm and benefit in divine will.
Conclusion
Understanding AẒ-ẒĀRR as an attribute of God offers a profound insight into the nature of divine will in Islam. It underscores that both adversity and relief are within God’s control, and fosters a deeper trust in God’s comprehensive wisdom and justice.
