Ẕū ʾl-Kifl (ذو الكفل)
Definition and Quranic Mention
Ẕū ʾl-Kifl, translated as “Lord of a portion,” is a figure mentioned in the Qur’an in Sūrah 21:85:
<p>“And Ishmael, and Idris, and Ẕū ʾl-Kifl, all of these were patient, and we made them enter into our mercy; verily they were among the righteous.”</p>
Etymology and Linguistic Meaning
- Etymology: The name Ẕū ʾl-Kifl (ذو الكفل) stems from Arabic origins. The word “Ẕū” means “possessor” or “lord,” and “al-Kifl” translates to “portion” or “share.”
- Arabic Translation: ذو الكفل
- Turkish Translation: Zülkifl
Interpretations and Scholarly Views
Islamic scholars and commentators have provided various interpretations regarding the identity and significance of Ẕū ʾl-Kifl:
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Al-Baiẓāwī’s Interpretation: He suggests that the name denotes a person who had a portion or guarantee with God due to his immense patience and righteousness. Some argue he had the reward equivalent or double that of other prophets of his time.
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Major Candidates for Identification:
- Elias (Elijah)
- Yushaʿ (Joshua)
- Zakariya (Zechariah)
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Other Interpretations:
- The root “kafl” can also mean “care” or “support.” Some scholars associate Ẕū ʾl-Kifl with the Biblical figure Obadiah from 1 Kings 18:4, who supported prophets during their time of need.
- He is also linked with Ezekiel, known in Arabic as “Kāfil.”
Suggestions for Further Reading
To delve deeper into the historical and theological aspects of Ẕū ʾl-Kifl, consider exploring these texts:
- “Tafsir al-Baiẓāwī” (Commentary by Al-Baiẓāwī) - This provides an in-depth look at Quranic exegesis and interpretations concerning Ẕū ʾl-Kifl.
- “Niebuhr’s Travels” Vol. II, p. 265 - Discusses historical and scriptural references to figures that might align with Ẕū ʾl-Kifl.
- “The Prophets of Islam” by Ghulam A. Farooq - Offers comprehensive biographical accounts of prophets mentioned in the Qur’an.
Takeaways and Conclusion
- Ẕū ʾl-Kifl is esteemed in Islamic tradition for his patience and righteousness.
- His exact identity remains a matter of scholarly debate, reflecting a rich tapestry of interpretations in Islamic thought.
- Understanding Ẕū ʾl-Kifl provides greater insight into the virtues and narratives upheld within Islamic theology.
In conclusion, Ẕū ʾl-Kifl exemplifies the qualities of patience, faith, and divine reward, offering a significant model for understanding prophethood and piety in Islam.
