Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim (صحيح مسلم)
Overview
Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim (صحيح مسلم) is one of the most significant collections of Hadith (traditions or sayings of the Prophet Muhammad). It is esteemed as the second most authoritative book in the Kutubu as-Sittah (six authentic books) recognized by Sunnī Muslims. The compilation is attributed to Abū ʾl-Ḥusain Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj al-Qushairī, a revered Islamic scholar.
Etymology
- Arabic: صحيح مسلم
- Ṣaḥīḥ: Meaning “authentic” or “correct.”
- Muslim: Refers to the compiler, Abū ʾl-Ḥusain Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj.
- Turkish: Sahih-i Müslim
Compilation
Abū ʾl-Ḥusain Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj was born in Naishāpūr in AH 204 (CE 820) and passed away in AH 261 (CE 875). His diligent work in collecting Hadith resulted in more than 7,275 traditions being included in Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim. Out of these, around 4,000 are considered of undisputed authority.
Disciples’ Contributions
Unlike other Hadith compilations, the arrangement of books and chapters in Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim was finalized by the disciples of Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj. This helped in organizing the content thematically, making it more accessible for study and reference.
Noteworthy Editions
The most renowned edition of Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim is the one with a comprehensive commentary by Muḥyiyu ʾd-dīn Yaḥyā an-Nawawī, who lived until AH 676 (CE 1277). His work provided critical insights and annotations, enhancing the understanding of the Hadith for subsequent generations.
Significance
Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim stands out as a paragon of authenticity and is immensely valued in Islamic jurisprudence, theology, and daily religious practice. The meticulous methodology employed by Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj in scrutinizing the chains of narrations (isnad) ensures a high level of reliability for the included traditions.
Further Reading
To gain a deeper understanding of Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim and its historical and religious context, consider the following books:
- “An Introduction to the Science of Hadith” by Ibn al-Salah al-Shahrazuri
- “Studies in Hadith Methodology and Literature” by Mustafa al-A’zami
- “The Canonization of al-Bukhari and Muslim: The Formation and Function of the Sunni Hadith Canon” by Jonathan Brown
Takeaways
- Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim is a cornerstone in Islamic Hadith literature, celebrated for its authenticity and rigor.
- Compiled by the noted scholar Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj, it offers a vast collection of traditions attributed to the Prophet Muhammad.
- The work has significantly influenced Islamic scholarship and remains a crucial reference in various fields of Islamic studies.
Conclusion
Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim (صحيح مسلم) holds a privileged place in the Islamic intellectual tradition. Its unmatched rigor and comprehensive content continue to guide and inspire Muslim scholars and laypeople alike. Understanding the compilation and significance of Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim illuminates the depth of Islamic Hadith literature and its enduring legacy.
