ʿIllīyūn (عليون)
Definition and Significance
ʿIllīyūn (عليون) refers to the exalted assembly or highest place in the celestial hierarchy, representing the seventh stage of celestial bliss. According to Islamic belief, ʿIllīyūn is the illustrious register in which the good deeds of the righteous are inscribed. The term also underscores a spiritual realm of supreme elevation and purity.
Etymology and Translations
- Arabic: عليون (ʿIllīyūn)
- Turkish: İlliyyûn or İlliyyin
The Arabic root “ʿ-l-w” suggests height or elevation, which aligns with the concept of ʿIllīyūn as the highest stage or most exalted place in the celestial order.
Qur’anic References
The notion of ʿIllīyūn is substantiated in the Qur’an, particularly in Sūratu ʾt-Tat̤fīf (Chapter 83), Verse 18:
<p>“Nay! Verily the record of the righteous is (preserved) in ʿIllīyūn.”</p>
This verse emphasizes that ʿIllīyūn is integral to Islamic eschatology, acting as a celestial ledger wherein the virtuous deeds of faithful Muslims are chronicled.
Hadith References
In the Mishkāt al-Maṣābīḥ, book v, chapter iii, part 3, there’s a narration that further illuminates the significance of ʿIllīyūn:
<p>“The angels follow the soul through each heaven, and the angels of one region pass it on to the next until it reaches the seventh heaven, when God says, ‘Write the name of my servant in ʿIllīyūn, and return him to the earth, that is, to his body which is buried in the earth.’”</p>
This tradition depicts the journey of a righteous soul ascending through the heavens, ultimately documented in ʿIllīyūn before its return to its earthly abode.
Suggested Books for Further Studies
- “The Study Qur’an: A New Translation and Commentary” by Seyyed Hossein Nasr: Offers detailed commentary and insight into Qur’anic verses, including those referring to the afterlife and celestial registers.
- “The Hereafter (Ma’ad) in Islamic Thought: Qur’anic Parameters” by Reza Shah-Kazemi: Explores various perspectives on the Islamic concept of the afterlife.
- “Islamic Eschatology: Of Death and the Afterlife in Islam” by Edwin Elli: Provides an in-depth examination of afterlife beliefs and eschatological themes within Islam.
Takeaways and Conclusion
- ʿIllīyūn: Represents the highest echelon in the celestial hierarchy and the register of righteous deeds, as affirmed by the Qur’an and Hadith.
- Spiritual Significance: Illustrates the importance of moral conduct and righteousness in achieving eternal bliss.
- Eschatological Insight: Enhances the understanding of Islamic eschatology, emphasizing the meticulous recording and recognition of virtuous acts in the afterlife.
ʿIllīyūn signifies the magnificent zenith of celestial honor and an esteemed spiritual milestone, embodying the Islamic belief in the meticulous recording and rewarding of righteous deeds.
By understanding ʿIllīyūn’s profound significance, one gains a deeper appreciation for the moral and spiritual objectives underscored in Islamic teachings, highlighting the essential pursuit of righteousness and the consequential rewards of the hereafter.
