ʾAsharah Mubashsharah (عشرة مبشرة) in Islam
Definition
ʾAsharah Mubashsharah (Arabic: عشرة مبشرة, Turkish: On Mutlu Kişi) refers to “The ten who received glad tidings” in Islam. These ten individuals, who were close companions of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), were promised entry into Paradise, a privilege granted uniquely to them.
Etymology
The term ʾAsharah Mubashsharah originates from two Arabic words:
- ʿAsharah (عشرة): which means “ten”
- Mubashsharah (مبشرة): which means “those given glad tidings” or “promised”
The compound term effectively means “The ten who were given glad tidings [of Paradise]”.
Important Figures
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) identified the following ten individuals, also known as the ten promised Paradise:
- Abū Bakr (أبو بكر)
- ʿUmar ibn al-Khattab (عمر بن الخطاب)
- Us̤mān ibn ʿAffān (عثمان بن عفان)
- ʿAlī ibn Abī Tālib (علي بن أبي طالب)
- T̤alḥah ibn ʿUbayd Allāh (طلحة بن عبيد الله)
- Az-Zubair ibn al-ʿAwwām (الزبير بن العوام)
- ʿAbdu ʾr-Raḥmān ibn ʿAuf (عبد الرحمن بن عوف)
- Saʿd ibn Abū-Waqqāṣ (سعد بن أبي وقاص)
- Saʿīd ibn Zayd (سعيد بن زيد)
- Abū ʿUbaidah ibn al-Jarrāḥ (أبو عبيدة بن الجراح)
Historical Context
This concept is rooted in a narration (Hadith) found in Islamic texts, highlighting Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) acknowledgment of these ten individuals’ roles and their assured place in Paradise. They were noted for their contributions to Islam, their closeness to the Prophet, and their unwavering faith.
Significance
The ʾAsharah Mubashsharah hold a revered place within Islamic tradition as exemplary figures who embody the virtues and faith idealized by the religion. Their lives and actions serve as important models for Muslims around the world.
Takeaways
- ʾAsharah Mubashsharah represents ten individuals promised Paradise.
- The term is deeply rooted in Islamic history and religious tradition.
- These individuals are recognized for their devotion and significant contributions to the early Muslim community.
Further Studies
For a deeper understanding of these ten individuals and their significance, the following readings are recommended:
- “The History of the Khalifahs” translated by `Abdassamad Clarke
- “Men Around the Messenger” by Khaalid Muhammad Khaalid
- “The Companions of the Prophet” by Abdul Wahid Hamid
Conclusion
The concept of ʾAsharah Mubashsharah underscores the profound respect and recognition granted to select companions of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Their lives continue to inspire and guide Muslims, illustrating the ideals of faith, dedication, and righteousness.
By presenting this overview, the hope is to provide a greater appreciation for these ten noble figures and their unparalleled significance within Islamic tradition.
